The infant ate and vomited up everything. Belching in newborns after feeding. Disorders of the digestive system

After the birth of a child, most parents carefully monitor every reaction of his body, often being frightened by completely innocent phenomena. On special forums for mothers, you can find a fairly common question - why does the baby burp immediately after feeding, and how dangerous it is for him. This issue should be dealt with in more detail.

Why is the baby spitting up?

Pediatricians say that in the vast majority of cases, regurgitation after feeding is not a symptom of any disease. This is a fairly harmless phenomenon, which has a completely logical explanation. All babies spit up before the year of birth, and it is impossible to find a mother who has never experienced this.

The very mechanism of such regurgitation is explained very simply: between the esophagus and the stomach in people there is a sphincter - in babies it is poorly developed and gapes, without holding food in the stomach. When the baby's stomach is full, the contents immediately come out as soon as the baby takes the wrong position or lies on the tummy. To prevent this from happening, within half an hour after feeding, you should not put the baby on the tummy. Pediatricians advise for a while to simply vilify him in his arms with a “column”, while not pressing on his chest (it compresses the stomach, which leads to regurgitation). However, if the baby still burps, you should not be scared - this is quite normal.

Which regurgitation is normal and which is not?

Mothers should start to worry only in one case - when the baby burps very often and profusely, while becoming lethargic and capricious, while his temperature rises. In order not to worry in vain, you need to know how many times a day a child can spit up, and how exactly this happens:

regurgitation less than 6-8 times a day, which are not plentiful and occur mainly when the baby is lying on his stomach - are completely normal for infants under the age of six months, and should not be a cause for concern;

if the substance that the child burped resembles cottage cheese in consistency, there is nothing to worry about either - children often burp with curdled milk (it is formed in the stomach due to a special enzyme of gastric juice that prepares food for digestion);

spitting up with a fountain while the baby is lying on his back is abnormal, and can be a neurological symptom, so if this happens more than once a day, you should show the child to the pediatrician;

the newborn spits up an hour after eating or later, while he is worried about constipation - this is a reason to see a doctor, it is quite possible that the baby will be diagnosed with a “lazy stomach”;

the child eats very little, and immediately after feeding he spits up almost all the contents of the stomach, becomes capricious, gains weight very poorly - he may have pyloric stenosis, so it is better not to delay a visit to the doctor (this ailment is congenital anomaly, characterized by a narrowing of the digestive tube in a child, due to which food enters the stomach with difficulty);

too frequent regurgitation after feeding, with an interval of 5-10 minutes, is another reason to consult a specialist.

It often happens that a child burps after feeding in two stages - after the position of his body changes, or even for no apparent reason. Do not worry about this, this phenomenon is quite normal. Even if the baby burped too much at one time, but this did not happen again during the day, there is also no reason for concern.

What to do when a child spits up a fountain?

If the baby burped for the first time with a fountain, you should not immediately panic and immediately call an ambulance. It is necessary to calmly perform some actions according to the advice of pediatricians:

as soon as this happens, the child should immediately be laid on a barrel so that the vomit does not enter the respiratory tract;

if the baby burped on himself, he needs to be washed and changed clothes;

the baby should be given some warm water to drink;

you need to take the child in your arms vertically and walk around the room with him, lightly stroking his back and reassuring;

as soon as the baby calms down, you should check if his temperature has risen, if lethargy has appeared (if you find any extraneous symptoms, you should immediately call a doctor).

Why does the baby spit up - the most common reasons

Babies can regularly spit up for a variety of reasons, most of which are not at all reasons for panic. However, it is necessary to deal with each of them in detail:

The child simply overeats - babies may not feel their norm and eat more than their small body needs. The stomach of such a child is not yet able to stretch, so excess food is not retained in it. The problem of frequent regurgitation is most often faced by mothers who are used to feeding their babies on demand. It is important to understand that children are often naughty and require breasts only to be closer to their mother, and not because of hunger. Even an extra 40 g of milk will not be kept in his tiny stomach, and he will definitely burp them.

During breastfeeding, the baby does not grasp the nipple correctly - because of this, in the process of feeding, he swallows not only mother's milk, but also air, which then “breaks out” from the outside. large quantity food.

The child has increased gas formation - because of this, food slowly moves towards the intestines, and is simply thrown back through the esophagus. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to eliminate the problem of colic and flatulence.

The child has congenital pathologies of the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract - this reason cannot be ruled out. To confirm it and start treatment, the baby must undergo a complete medical examination.

The baby has intestinal obstruction - this disease is very serious and requires immediate treatment. Pathology occurs due to the accumulation of feces in the intestines of a child, or the accumulation of original mucus in his stomach. Intestinal obstruction can also be caused by a tumor in the large or small intestine. You can notice the symptoms of this disease on your own: about 2-3 hours after feeding, the baby begins to vomit, in which there are impurities of bile and mucus. The vomit smells very bad.

Too active behavior is small breathing immediately after feeding - perhaps the mother immediately began to play with him, or decides to immediately change clothes. It is necessary to analyze your own actions after the child has eaten - often the reason for frequent regurgitation lies precisely in them. It is not recommended to expose your baby to active movements, and for at least 20 minutes immediately after eating, he should be calm, preferably in an upright position. If the baby does not hold its head well, you can build a special support for it from a blanket or towel folded several times (it is placed on the mother’s hand, and the baby himself is placed on top).

If the baby spits up after each feeding in small portions, while he is very active, gaining weight well, does not act up and does not cry, then spitting up should not be a cause for concern.

How to reduce baby spitting up while breastfeeding

Each mother in most cases can independently reduce the amount of regurgitation in her child. To do this, you must perform the following actions:

You need to properly attach the baby to the breast and make sure that he grabs the nipple correctly. If this does not work, you should seek the help of a breastfeeding specialist.

When feeding a child while sitting, when the mother holds him in her arms, you need to make sure that his body is at a slight angle, and his head is slightly raised.

Immediately after the completion of feeding, the baby must be picked up and held in a column, that is, vertically. Very soon he will burp, excess air will immediately come out of the esophagus. In order for milk to remain in the stomach and begin to be absorbed in it, you need to walk around the room with the baby for about 15 minutes.

Immediately after this, the child should be placed in the crib on the right side, you can also put a pillow under his head. Let him lie down like this for another 15 minutes, at this time you need to be nearby and make sure that the baby does not turn over face down.

Pediatricians do not advise putting children under the age of 1 year to sleep with a pillow. In this case, it is used for a short time and only to prevent regurgitation. After 15 minutes, the pillow must be removed.

Why is my baby only spitting up breast milk and not formula?

If at each breastfeeding the child spits up profusely, the pediatrician may advise starting to feed him with a mixture - very often after this spitting up immediately stops. Why is this happening? The explanations are as follows:

If immediately after switching to the mixture, the child stops spitting up, then he most likely has lactose intolerance, or an allergy to it. In this case, the baby's body will actively reject milk, which will be expressed in constant regurgitation. To understand if a child has lactose intolerance, you should pass all the necessary tests.

If the baby does not have lactose intolerance, and he can absorb milk well, it means that correctly selected portions of it can become the reason for stopping regurgitation after switching to the mixture. When a mother is breastfeeding her child, she is unable to control how much milk he has consumed. At the same time, when preparing the mixture, each mother clearly follows the instructions on the package and prepares it exactly as much as the baby needs. In order not to overfeed your baby with breast milk, you can start pumping it into a bottle, thus controlling the amount of portions.

How to avoid spitting up cottage cheese?

Sometimes the child constantly burps not with milk, but with a substance resembling cottage cheese. What should be done in this case? Pediatricians recommend following a few simple rules while breastfeeding:

about 1 hour before feeding, the baby should be placed on the tummy;

while feeding the baby, you need to ensure that his body is slightly raised;

sometimes regurgitation is caused by the fact that milk is pouring from the mother's breast in too abundant a stream, and the baby simply does not have time to swallow it - thus, air also enters the stomach;

to avoid air entering when feeding a baby from a bottle, you need to choose a special nipple for him - anti-reflux and anti-colic (they can be found in ordinary pharmacies);

do not force feed your baby, he should eat only when he is hungry and wants it himself;

every nursing mother should definitely monitor the hygiene of her own breast;

if the child is on artificial feeding, then the milk mixture for him must be prepared immediately before feeding, and not in advance;

a baby suffering from frequent regurgitation of cottage cheese should be fed often, but in small portions;

in the process of night feeding, the baby should be placed on a barrel so that its small stomach can better cope with the absorption of incoming food.

How to understand that the baby is spitting up too much?

Each mother can independently determine whether her child is spitting up too much. To do this, you can use this simple test: you need to take an ordinary white diaper and pour exactly one tablespoon onto it clean water. A wet spot of a certain size immediately forms on the surface of the diaper. When the baby burps again after feeding, you need to compare the resulting stain with a water stain on the sheet. Even if the spot from regurgitation of the baby turns out to be twice as large, this will be the norm. It is generally accepted that the norm of regurgitation for young children under 1 year old is no more than 4 tablespoons of liquid. If this figure is significantly exceeded, you need to show your baby to a specialist.

Summing up, we can say with confidence that in the vast majority of cases, the problem of spitting up by a child is a completely common occurrence, which there is no reason to worry about. Regurgitation in babies who are no more than 4 months old is due to physiological features their gastrointestinal tract. As the child grows older, these seizures become less frequent and then stop completely.

One of the most common problems that occur in the first year of a child's life is regurgitation. In most babies, regurgitation begins even during the period of being in maternity hospital. According to statistics, about 70% of parents of children under the age of 3.5-4 months face this problem.

Very often, a young mother is frightened when she first sees her baby spit up milk. You should not worry too much about this: in the vast majority of cases, regurgitation is physiological, and occurs as a result of structural features of the body of a newborn child. They are not dangerous for the health and development of the baby. If you take certain measures to prevent the occurrence of such conditions, then you can significantly reduce them, or even avoid them altogether.

Regurgitation is the mechanical ingress of small amounts of milk from the stomach into the esophagus and oral cavity. As a rule, milk flows in a thin stream during regurgitation, undigested curdled lumps may occur - their appearance means that the milk has curtailed. Functional regurgitation is quite natural, and by a certain age it disappears on its own. Mom should not worry when they occur, if the child is gaining weight well, and the general well-being of the baby does not worsen.
The causes of physiological (functional) regurgitation may be structural features and maturation of the gastrointestinal tract in newborns, for example:

• short length of the esophagus in a newborn;
• features of the shape of the stomach;
• immaturity of the sphincter, blocking the entry of food from the stomach into the esophagus.

Such regurgitation completely disappears as the baby's digestive system matures. This happens around the age of 4-5 months. Most often prone to the appearance of this type of regurgitation are children born ahead of time and those with low birth weight.

In addition to the natural features of the development of the digestive organs, external factors that provoke the pushing of food into the esophagus can also lead to the appearance of regurgitation. These include:

All these reasons are eliminated and do not pose any danger to the life and development of the baby. However, it also happens that regurgitation that occurs after each feeding can be signs of quite dangerous diseases that require drug treatment. In some cases, the intervention of a surgeon may be necessary.

Other causes of regurgitation

If the baby does not feel well, cries during feeding, spits up after each meal, you should consult a doctor. Sometimes such manifestations can be the first signs of diseases or serious pathologies, which can only be eliminated with the help of drug treatment.

What disorders in the child's body can cause regular regurgitation in infants:

1. Intestinal obstruction. This is the most dangerous disease that requires immediate treatment in the hospital! If the milk that the child vomited is green or brown, you must immediately call an ambulance team or go to the children's hospital on your own. In this condition, the child urgently needs the help of a surgeon!
2. various infections. If the baby is spitting up a lot of undigested milk, it may be a bout of vomiting. Be sure to show the child to the local pediatrician, since intestinal infections are extremely dangerous for infants. As a rule, they are accompanied by such signs as fever, pallor of the skin, lack of food. You may need to be admitted to an infectious disease hospital.
3. Pathologies and malformations of the digestive organs and gastrointestinal tract. In this case, only a pediatric surgeon can carry out adequate treatment.
4. Violations in the work of the central nervous system, perinatal damage to the central nervous system.

How to distinguish regurgitation from vomiting

Parents of first-borns are very often frightened when they encounter such a phenomenon as regurgitation for the first time. Most people think that the baby is vomiting, and they begin to call their relatives and friends in a panic, not knowing what to do in such a situation. To protect yourself from unnecessary stress and worries, you need to know how regurgitation differs from vomiting. The table below shows the signs of both phenomena, knowing which you can always recognize what exactly bothered your baby.

Advice! To understand how much milk the child burped, you need to take a flannel diaper and pour 2 tablespoons of water on it. Then compare the size of the wet spot on the diaper with the volume of undigested milk - they should be approximately the same.

This condition most often occurs in the first weeks of a newborn's life. Boys are more susceptible to it than girls. It arises as a result of the fact that the pylorus, located between the stomach and esophagus, does not block the access between them well enough. Vomiting can occur not only immediately after feeding, but even during it. At the same time, the contents of the stomach come out in small jolts, and its volume can reach the amount of milk eaten by the baby.
Children with such a pathology must necessarily be registered with a pediatric surgeon and regularly undergo all necessary examinations.

How to help a baby

Regurgitation delivers a lot of discomfort not only to the mother, but also to the child. The baby may be frightened, because at such moments there is a holding of breath. In addition, it causes discomfort to the digestive organs, causing additional torment to the crumbs. What can be done to alleviate the condition of the baby, and prevent the occurrence of such an unpleasant phenomenon:

1. Correctly organize the process of applying the baby to the breast. This is very important not only for the prevention of regurgitation, colic and flatulence, but also for improving the lactation of a nursing mother. If the baby is bottle-fed, special anti-colic bottles can be purchased at a pharmacy or baby store. Such a measure will help to avoid air entering the stomach of the newborn, which will significantly reduce the manifestation of problems associated with the imperfection of the digestive system of a small organism.
   
2. Avoid overeating. Don't immediately offer your baby the breast as soon as he shows signs of anxiety. Perhaps the baby just wants to communicate, or he is cold. If the baby starts crying a little time after feeding, try to pick him up, shake him, sing a song. If, nevertheless, the baby does not calm down and requires milk, then offer him the same breast that he ate before. This will avoid overeating and satisfy the baby's need for suckling. Try to follow the rule of changing breasts during feedings in this way: change breasts every four hours. An additional plus of this method is that the baby will receive not only foremilk, which consists practically of water and milk sugar, but also hindmilk, more fatty and nutritious.
3. During feeding, you need to ensure the baby is in the correct position of the body. The baby's head should be above shoulder level. For these purposes, special feeding pillows sold in children's stores are perfect. They will also be indispensable for women with small breasts, as it will be much easier for the baby to reach the nipple.
4. After each feeding, it is necessary to help the child burp excess air. To do this, you need to press the baby to your stomach, turning it towards you (keep the baby in an upright position) for about 10-15 minutes.
   
5. If the baby is bottle-fed, it makes sense to discuss with the pediatrician the possibility of replacing the milk formula with a special medical one. This measure is used quite often and allows you to minimize the number of regurgitation, and sometimes even get rid of them. Most often, children are prescribed such therapeutic mixtures as Frisovoy, Nutrilon Antireflux, Samper Lemolak, Enfamil AR.

Medical treatment

If the measures taken do not help to reduce the number of regurgitation, then the child is prescribed medication. To eliminate spasms in the intestines, "Riabal" can be used. It is a fairly common drug and is often given to children with similar problems. It is safe enough to use even in infancy.
If a child has problems with intestinal motility, the doctor may recommend Motilium or Coordinax. These are drugs belonging to the group of prokinetics. Their use has a positive effect on bowel contraction, and in most cases can improve the condition of a small patient.
If the cause of regurgitation is serious enough and cannot be eliminated by the use of drugs, a surgical operation is prescribed.

In what cases you need to see a doctor

Although most causes of spitting up in newborns are fairly harmless, you should contact your pediatrician if:

• the child refuses to eat;
• regurgitation occurs after each feeding in large quantities;
• the baby spits up a fountain;
• the milk that the child has burped up is green, brown or yellow;
• pallor of the skin appears or the body temperature rises;
• the child is not gaining weight.

In all other cases, it is enough to closely monitor the well-being of the baby and take measures to prevent regurgitation. As a rule, this is enough, and after some time this unpleasant phenomenon passes on its own.
If, nevertheless, the mother continues to worry and think that something is wrong with her baby, it is worth going to the children's clinic and showing the child to the pediatrician. In matters relating to child health, it is better to play it safe than to miss precious time and start the course of a serious illness.

Video - Baby spitting up after breastfeeding. Doctor Komarovsky

Spitting up a baby is annoying for any mother, especially a young, inexperienced one who has difficulty in breastfeeding. She had just hardly fed the baby, she only sighed with reassurance that he was full - and now, everything is already on the baby's diaper, and even on her own clothes.

Is he hungry now? Is this a sign of illness? And what to do - feed the baby again or call the pediatrician about vomiting? Let's try to figure it out.

Noble burp of the little lord

Regurgitation occurs in absolutely all babies. This is caused by the imperfection of the nervous and digestive systems of the newborn. The sphincter - a muscular ring that prevents the contents of the stomach from being thrown into the esophagus - is still quite weak and periodically does not cope with its functions. However, the volume of burped food is usually exaggerated by the mother - in fact, the baby does not part with such a large amount of milk at all.

” To calm down (or vice versa, get excited), do a little experiment: take a diaper on which the baby has burped and splash a tablespoon of water or regular milk on it. Now compare the sizes of the formed spots - they will give an idea of ​​the volume of belching.

If you understand that the child has burped quite a lot (or does it repeatedly during feeding), then you should understand the reasons.

The child swallows air

This can happen for a variety of reasons: the baby is too hungry and eats very greedily and hastily; improper breastfeeding technique (most often the lower lip is turned inward - in this case, consulting a breastfeeding specialist will help you); Too big or too small hole in the nipple of the formula bottle.

Child ate too much

If the baby is used to eating little and often, then his stomach is “tuned” to a certain amount of food. Any excess he will simply vomit. In these situations, regurgitation can occur in a “fountain”, the volume of belching can reach up to three tablespoons, and the milk can already curdle.

From the life of meerkats

Finally, the third reason for spitting up is that you forgot to hold the baby in a “column” after feeding. For a bottle-fed baby, pediatricians recommend doing this after he has eaten about 90 milliliters of formula.

Satiety check

How to determine that regurgitation, even abundant, does not affect the health of the baby? To do this, you can use the same technique as for suspected malnutrition due to lack of breast milk: Count wet diapers.

” If a baby pees a dozen times a day, gains weight about 150 grams per week, is cheerful and active, then most likely regurgitation is a temporary phenomenon that does not bring him any harm and does not require additional measures.

When spitting up should worry mom

You can distinguish regurgitation from vomiting on your own, but in a number of situations, consultation with a specialist is necessary.

General well-being of the child causes you concern: in addition to profuse regurgitation, he rarely urinates, behaves uneasily at the chest, chokes and coughs during feeding.

Regurgitated milk has bad color or smell, for example, an admixture of bile is noticeable in it. Curdled milk with a sour smell is a variant of normal regurgitation.

Belching painful for the baby while he is worried and crying.

The usual belching will disappear by itself approximately by the time the baby is six months old, and after that the feeding process will take place without unpleasant surprises.

Is the first year of a baby's life compatible with the absence of stress and worries? Perhaps this is the blue dream of every mom, which was never destined to come true. But if you immediately find the necessary information on various issues, then all worries will be minimized. Almost every mother doubts whether it is normal if a newborn baby does not spit up after feeding? And if on the contrary, spit up?

Spitting up after a meal with breast milk or formula is a completely normal phenomenon in most cases, because it is caused by natural causes. But still, sometimes mom should pay attention to this process, because it can serve as a pretext for some children's problems. Now that a feeding surprise comes with spitting up, you'll know what it means and if you need to do something about it.

Where do regurgitations come from

The statistics on this issue are quite categorical: 70% of mothers face regurgitation in a baby after feeding. Moreover, such a surprise visits them at least once a day. And if you fall into the category of moms who panic at the sight of how the baby spit up, these statistics should reassure you. This phenomenon has several reasons:

• Breastfeeding is probably the most popular topic among mothers. And the basis of the basics in this matter is the correct attachment of the baby to the chest. There are many manuals and brochures to help mom learn how to do this. The baby should cover the entire nipple and most of the areola with his small mouth. If this does not happen, air will enter the children's stomach, which provokes regurgitation.
• To swaddle or not to swaddle is the personal decision of each mother. Today, there are many theories that either "preach" swaddling, or call for doing without it. But there are parents who go to extremes and swaddle the baby too tight, turning him into a tin soldier. The child often reacts to such squeezing by spitting up and as if declaring: “Mom, loosen your grip!”.
• There are children who eat too greedily and breastfeed too intensively. It's one thing when this happens rarely and means that the baby is very hungry. But sometimes this approach to food in a baby becomes a habit. Then he eats more than he should and simply spit up excess food. In this case, we advise you to slightly reduce the feeding time or take breaks in it.
• If you are formula feeding your baby and he reacts to it by spitting up, then the type of product may simply not be suitable for him. Carefully study the composition of the mixture: the cause of whims is sometimes a high content of lactose.
• Incorrectly selected can be not only a mixture, but also a bottle. To date, the market for children's goods is very diverse, and this is wonderful. You can purchase a bottle with a special valve that prevents air from entering.
• Every mother knows the importance of nutrition during breastfeeding. But if she forgot about it (or seemed to forget) and ate something forbidden, then this may be the cause of the formation of gases in the child's stomach, and hence regurgitation.
• Excessive activity after a feed is another common cause of a reaction.

These are the most common causes of spitting up and do not pose a threat to your baby. But there are other situations when a mother should, if not worry, then pay attention so accurately.

When is it not normal?

Perhaps the most important rule in raising a child is to take into account his individuality. If a woman does not adjust her child to common standards, does not blindly follow all advice indiscriminately and does not worry if her baby is somehow different from the neighbor's - she is a wonderful mother! This principle also works in matters of regurgitation. Below we have listed the symptoms that often indicate the presence of a problem, but they do not require any independent solutions, and even more so the mother's initiative in establishing a diagnosis. The first and only measure here is a consultation with a pediatrician.

• If regurgitation occurs after each feeding and its volume gradually increases, this is often a signal to the baby that his digestion does not like something.
• Pay attention to what your baby is spitting up. If the consistency is suspicious yellowish or greenish in color with blood or mucus, then it makes sense to consult a doctor to find out the cause and take action.
• If the baby's tummy is soft after feeding, then there is no reason to worry. But bloating can sometimes be a bad sign.
• Sensitive parents may notice that the process of regurgitation is accompanied by a disgruntled grimace in a child, which quite often symbolizes pain and discomfort in the abdomen.
• In the event that the baby is weak, apathetic, not gaining weight, this is a reason for consulting a doctor. Pay attention to the general age norms for your crumbs. Even though we're talking about individual development each baby, a strong lag is still unacceptable.
• When breastfeeding, take a closer look at what the baby spit up. If everything is normal, the mass will resemble cottage cheese or curdled milk. It is easy to check the amount of mass without overly complicated measurements. Just pour a teaspoon of water next to the "surprise" that the baby left after feeding. When all natural, the patches will be about the same in size.

Most often, regurgitation is an absolutely normal process, because it is characteristic of many children. But sometimes it can be an indicator of pathology. In any case, it never hurts to consult a pediatrician to eliminate all doubts and guesses.

Main measures

Often, the simplest measures help to get rid of spitting up, or at least reduce their recurrence. in front of you universal memo with actions that can be very handy:

• Do not feed your baby in a horizontal position, an inclination angle of about 60 degrees is ideal.
• After feeding, hold the baby upright in a column so that the air can escape.
• Watch your diet to avoid foods that cause gas.
• Try to reduce the portions of feeding and the frequency of meals.
• After eating, let the baby rest a little.
• If the baby eats the mixture, offer it only in the form of heat.
• Before eating, put the baby on his stomach for a couple of minutes.
• If you are bottle feeding, position the bottle at an angle so that the nipple is filled with formula.

Why does a child spit up and should I be worried about it? In most cases, no. However, there are a number of situations when regurgitation in newborns may indicate a disease or malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract.

Spitting up after feeding is normal

Causes of spitting up in babies

A child can spit up for one reason, or for several at once. Up to six months, regurgitation in children is considered the norm, and it is due to the peculiar structure of the gastrointestinal tract. The causes of regurgitation in infants up to six months are called physiological. These include:

• short esophagus;
• insufficiently pronounced narrowing of the esophagus;
• the muscular sphincter (part of the body that regulates the passage of food from one organ to another) is not sufficiently developed;
• insufficiently formed system for moving food along the gastrointestinal tract.

It is also normal for a baby to spit up after each breastfeed, from two months of age to one year of age.

From the age of four months, the child should spit up no more than once a day. There are a number of reasons that are caused by mistakes in child care. In these cases, you need to quickly correct the mistakes and then the regurgitation will stop. These reasons include:

1. Swallowing air with food. Occurs when a child sucks incorrectly: does not completely wrap his lips around the nipple or breast, eats in the wrong position, a bad nipple is picked up, the bottle cap is not screwed enough. To avoid these causes, you need to make sure that the baby completely wraps around the mother's nipple, so that his bottle is always tightly closed, and there is nothing but formula in it.
2. Binge eating. Another common reason. This can lead to feeding the baby on demand, and not on schedule. Such experiments should be curtailed immediately.
3. Colic and gas. Gas bubbles press on the walls of the stomach and intestines, causing rejection of food.
4. Intolerance to breast milk. A rare cause caused by maternal malnutrition. In this case, you need to go to the doctor, they are assigned a suitable mixture.
5. Excessive activity. Do not touch the child immediately after he has eaten.

Types of regurgitation

There are several of them. All of them are caused by different reasons, some indicate the danger of diseases, and some are natural for the body of the baby. Each of them is better to know in more detail, because a nursing baby can go from one type to another. Such a transition can be caused by both natural and dangerous changes in the digestive tract.

Vomiting "fountain"

This type of regurgitation is very dangerous. If a mother notices this in her baby, she should immediately consult a doctor. It is believed that the baby can suffer up to death (he can simply choke). By the way, Komarovsky denies the danger of even such types of regurgitation, arguing that a child is able to choke only if he lies on his back. One way or another, only a specialist can help in such cases. Causes of regurgitation by the fountain include:

• serious problems with the gastrointestinal tract;
• birth trauma;
• poisoning or infection.
• dysphagia (indigestion).

Spitting up through the nose

It also happens that a newborn burps through the nose. This is also not the norm. This type of regurgitation leads to the development of polyps. Violated the integrity of the mucous membranes of the nose. In order to help the newborn, you need to consult a doctor.

The cause of regurgitation through the nose often lies in improper feeding. It is necessary to ensure that the child eats in the correct position and exactly on the clock, correctly clasping the nipple. In order to help the baby, you can put him on your stomach, or make a special massage. This will help the baby stop hiccuping.

How to reduce spitting up in a child after eating

The easiest thing to do is just wait. A newborn should stop burping at six months of age. There is no way to stop this process artificially - there are no universal cures for regurgitation. All that a mother can do for her child is to try to reduce this process, to make it painless. To do this, there are a number of specific measures, especially them, should be taken into account by mothers whose children behave restlessly both day and night.

• You don't need to feed your baby too much. Nutrition should be balanced and consistent with the schedule.
• It is not recommended to feed the baby in a horizontal position. The ideal position would be at an angle of sixty degrees.
• You need to make sure that the baby is completely clasping the nipple. With IV, it is important to monitor the quality of the mixture and the correct filling of the bottle.
• When eating, it is necessary to monitor the posture of the baby, his head should be located above the body.
• Can be done before feeding baby easy belly massage. You can let the child lie down on his stomach a little, this will reduce gas formation and colic.
• After feeding, the child is carried in the arms in an upright position until he burps.
• You can put several diapers under the baby's head during sleep, thereby raising his head and facilitating spitting up.
• Milk mixture should be warm. You need to feed the baby at the same time. It is necessary to ensure that the mixture does not turn out to be curtailed, do not heat it for too long.
• Shouldn't be fed crying baby. Avoid activity after eating.
• You can give your baby a pacifier before bedtime, this relieves colic a little, stimulating the bowels.

Massage before feeding

Light massage should be done before meals constantly. This takes about five minutes. First, the stomach is stroked with light soothing movements, while during the massage the right hypochondrium should not be touched, where the baby has a liver. Then make slightly pressing movements with your hands from right to left. The following movements are made from top to bottom along the central part of the abdomen. Then one hand is left on the stomach, and the second is stroked first on the left, then on the right side.

Now stroking with one hand down and the other up at the same time. Then the baby's tummy is stroked in a circle. First with one hand, then with two hands. You can massage the child and "P" figurative movements. First left from bottom to top, then corner left to right, then top to bottom, and so on.

The massage itself should be done in a clockwise direction. For each movement you need to spend about 1.5 minutes.

How to behave after feeding

The fact that the child will burp after eating is completely inevitable. So you gave the child food. The regurgitation should occur after about twenty minutes. After this happens, change your baby's clothes. Reassure the child, let him lie down on his side for a while. If hiccups have begun, it will help boiled water in a small amount. If there is an increase in temperature or the rejected milk has a strange color, you need to call a doctor.

Causes of pathological regurgitation

These include diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, infections, poisoning, injuries and others. In general, the causes of pathological regurgitation are presented in a list based on the ICD:

• developmental delay;
• pathology of the gastrointestinal tract;
• colic or flatulence;
• constipation, dysbacteriosis;
• abnormal development of the stomach;
• neurological abnormalities.

It is about such pathologies that we can talk about when it comes to frequent, profuse, and strong regurgitation in children. Now in more detail.

Digestive disorders

• Dysbacteriosis can cause regurgitation in early age. It can be caused by antibiotics, or malnutrition of the baby. As a result, the intestinal microflora is disturbed, an imbalance of beneficial and harmful microorganisms occurs.
• Various infections are accompanied by fever, lethargy, anxiety, diarrhea, severe colic. Mucus impurities may be observed in the rejected masses.
• Food allergy, when it comes to IV, occurs on cow's milk protein. In this case, the baby serum must be replaced with another one. If the baby is breastfeeding, then the mother needs to better monitor her diet.
• Lactase deficiency is caused by a deficiency of lactase in the child's body. In such a situation, doctors prescribe special mixtures and vitamins to the child.
• Flatulence and constipation. Can be avoided when it comes to GW. Mothers simply need to exclude everything sweet and gas-forming from their diet.

Congenital pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract

• Pyloric stenosis. Narrowing of the passage between the stomach and part of the intestine, leading to stagnation of food. As a result, the child begins to burp profusely for the first two weeks, then with a fountain, and after another time, vomiting begins. The mass regurgitated by the child often has a curd-like consistency. Pathology belongs to the group of dangerous and the child needs inpatient treatment.
• Pylorospasm. The same narrowing as in pyloric stenosis, but caused by spasm of the pyloric muscles. In this case, you need to consult a doctor, switch to the mixtures and additional drugs prescribed by him.
• Sphincter expansion. Too wide opening between stomach and esophagus. The doctor prescribes vitamins and calcium, additional drugs. Food is taken in fractional portions. It is acceptable to eat a small amount of cottage cheese.

Neurology

• The child was born prematurely. In such children, the sphincter is less developed, in this case the child will continue to burp up to six months, until he catches up with his peers in the development of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Pathologies formed during prenatal development. These are disorders of the central nervous system, and sleep disturbances, increased intracranial pressure, high excitability of the vomiting center, and more.
• Injuries in the cervical spine. The child could be injured during childbirth, proceeding with complications. Treatment here is prescribed by a neurologist, it is a special massage, physiotherapy, medications.

What examinations are needed if there is concern?

In order to make sure that spitting up is not dangerous, it is necessary to undergo the following examinations: X-ray, ultrasound, blood test and stool test. All these procedures are prescribed by a neurologist or pediatrician. In some cases, other tests may be needed.