We teach the child to personal hygiene. Daily hygiene of a child: what a first grader should remember Personal hygiene of a child

As soon as the child begins to understand something, parents should tell him the rules of hygiene for children. Teach your child to be clean and healthy lifestyle life is one of the main tasks of parents in raising a child.

Hygiene is a branch of medical science that studies the influence of environmental and labor factors on human health, develops sanitary rules and regulations, warns various diseases aimed at prolonging life and improving health.

One branch of hygiene is the hygiene of children and adolescents, which is designed to solve the following problems:

• The effect of environmental conditions on various age groups children and teenagers;
• The influence of the processes of education and upbringing;
• Development of preventive measures;
• Adoption of hygiene standards and requirements that strengthen the health of children and help to fully develop.

Rules for body hygiene, sleep and nutrition for infants

Age restriction of infants from a month to a year.

The hygiene of the body of a child in infancy should be monitored and carried out by her parents. To avoid all kinds of diseases, diaper rash and infectious diseases, you need to bathe the child in a timely manner, wash your hands before eating, wash as necessary, but at least twice a day in the morning and before going to bed, cut your nails in time, clean your ears, wash and comb hair.

Beginning in infancy, in order to teach a child to be clean, a mother or other family member involved in hygiene procedures may learn poems, nursery rhymes, or songs that lure the child to body hygiene.

When the first teeth appear in the oral cavity, it is necessary to start brushing them so that there are no further problems. The first teeth should be brushed with a soft, even silicone brush without the use of toothpaste.

Parents, by example, should instill a culture of brushing their teeth.

For children under one year old, it is very important for normal development to monitor sleep hygiene. Wake and sleep times should be respected depending on the age of the child. Microclimatic conditions for proper rest and recuperation should be at the level of:

1. Humidity - 50-70%;
2. Temperature - 18-22 degrees Celsius.

The room where the child sleeps should be ventilated often.

It is necessary to feed the child in a timely manner, correctly and not to overload the stomach.

Rules for body hygiene, sleep and nutrition for toddlers

To nursery group include children from 1 to 3 years of age. During this period, children love to play. Therefore, further education of children regarding hygiene procedures should be carried out by means of a game or showing cartoons.

Toddlers, just like the previous group, cannot control the observance of all hygiene procedures themselves. Parents still help them in this and further training in all the subtleties of hygiene continues. Usually, at toddler age, a child already has all the teeth that need to be learned to be cleaned correctly using a children's toothbrush and paste. It is necessary to explain and show that the brush is washed before and after brushing the teeth, how to do it correctly. To do this, you can also visit a dentist with your child so that the doctor shows the basic rules on the child himself or in the pictures.

At this age, babies need an afternoon nap. In order for the child to fall asleep well day and night, during wakefulness, you need to use up all the energy. To do this, you should devote time to mobile games.

It is also very important to teach the baby to comb in order to be a neat child.

Hygiene rules for preschool children

Children before school age(from 3 to 7 years old) should already be able and clearly know that hands should be washed before eating and after going to the toilet. If the child touched pets, then you need to tell him that after that you can’t put your hands in your mouth or take anything from food to eat. Be sure to conduct personal hand hygiene. At this age, parents should teach their child how to properly wash their hands with soap and not just rinse them.

At preschool age, you need to teach the baby to take a shower on his own. First, of course, under the supervision of parents and under a small stream of water. At this age, children love to do everything themselves, so you need to go to the store with your child to purchase hygiene products: washcloths, rubber slippers, toothbrush and paste, bathing caps, shampoos, a comb, shower gel or soap and a towel for hands and body. Then the child will be happy to take hygiene procedures.

Hygiene rules for primary school children

Children of primary school age cover the age from 7 to 10 years. Teachers come to help parents to explain the rules of hygiene primary school. They will systematically conduct educational talks about the importance of hygiene.

By the age of seven, the child should know and be able to consistently carry out body hygiene in the mornings, evenings and, if necessary, after the street. First, hands are washed with soap, then the face, neck, ears are washed with clean hands. A child who goes to grade 1 should be clean, neat and tidy, always combed and smell good.

To consolidate the skills in body hygiene, you can offer the child thematic coloring pages, decorating which the child and his parents will repeat the rules of hygiene.

Children of primary school age still need an afternoon rest, therefore, after-school groups are organized in schools, which are equipped with cots.

It is very important that the child eats properly. A full healthy breakfast, lunch and dinner is required. Snacks are available for lunch and afternoon tea.

The hygiene of children and adolescents is an issue that every parent inevitably faces in their lives. We will tell in our article about the rules for caring for babies, list the mistakes that adults most often make when trying to instill in their children a love of cleanliness, and tell about the features of hygiene procedures for boys and girls of puberty.

Why do you need baby hygiene?

From childhood, parents and teachers inspire us: observance of the rules of hygiene is an indispensable condition for survival in this world. He didn’t wash his hands after the trip - he caught hepatitis, he neglected intimate procedures - he got skin dermatitis, he ignored the toothbrush - he got caries and said goodbye to his teeth.

However human hygiene requires the right approach. It is important to know the measure here, since both the neglect of cleanliness and excessive zeal in their observance lead to one thing - your health suffers. In the first case, intense attacks of pathogenic bacteria lead to disease. In the second, the body gets used to sterile cleanliness and weakens its defense mechanisms, and then any pathogenic microbe can lead to a hospital bed. As you can see, the result is the same, only the paths differ.

Hygiene of children and adolescents - important element education. Is it possible to make sure that your baby grows up healthy and does not shy away from soap and a toothbrush, we will tell in our article.

Breast hygiene rules

Observe hygiene rules important from the first days after birth, then the baby will grow up with the realization that bathing, washing and brushing his teeth is as natural as eating, sleeping and breathing. The body of a newborn is not yet able to resist diseases on a par with adults, so it is extremely important for young mothers to follow the following recommendations.

washing

You need to wash your baby every day in the morning boiled water a few degrees warmer than body temperature. The procedure is simple and primitive: moisten a sterile cotton swab in water and wipe the face of the crumbs with it, giving Special attention eyes and nose. During the procedure, talk calmly with the baby so that he is not nervous or irritated, then he will have pleasant associations with this procedure.

Bathing

Wash the baby should be every time after he "went to the toilet." You need to do this with warm water towards the ass, and it does not matter if you are washing a boy or a girl. If warm water is not available, use wet wipe, wiping her ass clean and dusting it with baby powder. We advise you to buy special disposable wipes for children.

Until the baby is one month old, bathe him in boiled water, the temperature of which experienced mothers usually measure by lowering their elbow into the bath - it should feel slightly warm. Bathe your baby a couple of times a week in water with the addition of chamomile or string. Exposing the baby to more frequent "herbal" procedures is not worth it, as skin allergies may appear.

After bathing your beloved child, blot with a soft towel, let the remaining moisture dry, and only then put on a diaper.

Skin care

The skin of babies is very delicate: any fold on the clothes can rub it, and excess moisture will cause diaper rash. Therefore, buy undershirts and sliders with external seams for newborns and lubricate the armpits and groin areas with baby creams and ointments.

Clean the ears of a little fidget with cotton buds. But don't try to penetrate too deep - this way you can harm the child.

Try to make your son or daughter associate hygiene and sanitation with positive emotions. Sing songs to the child during bath procedures and entertain with bright toys, and when a little older, arrange games, such as racing toy yachts or fishing.

Children's hygiene: preschool age

At preschool age, the foundations of hygiene are laid in the mind of the child. At this time, it is important to teach the little one:

• wash in the morning. Show by your own example how pleasant this procedure is, and the little “repeater” will take over the habit of cleaning your face in the morning;

• brush your teeth twice a day after meals. Explain to the child that his tooth has an enemy - caries, which hurts them. And protect them from caries can Toothbrush and pasta;

• wash your hands after returning from the street, visiting the toilet or after playing with pets. Tell the baby about the little harmful microbes that strive to get from your hands into his mouth and bring illness with them. Hygiene products - soap and water can drive away microbes from the palms;

• bathe regularly with soap and a washcloth. Every day, such procedures should be taken by young athletes, because due to physical activity they sweat more than their peers. If friendship with sports is limited to physical education lessons, it is enough to remember about soap and a washcloth once every four days.

It is important to hygiene items appropriate for the age of the child. Doctors recommend starting brushing your teeth with toothpaste from the age of three. Before that, it is enough to remove food residues from them exclusively with a brush, without using paste. Up to a year old, in general, you can do with the usual rinsing with water or wiping the teeth with gauze.

Most children do not like the process of washing their hair. Therefore, we advise you to buy shampoos with the effect of “does not sting your eyes” and distract your child with toys while you manage his hair. Remember: at preschool age, hygiene for children should be playful, then the procedures do not cause rejection.

Common Parenting Mistakes

Often parents make mistakes when trying to instill in their child a craving for cleanliness: they try to put pressure, intimidate, teach. As a result, children's hygiene becomes disgusting to the baby, and he tries to reduce the time of washing and bathing. To prevent this from happening, avoid:

• overprotectiveness. Give your child the opportunity to wash their hands, dry themselves, splash in the bath. Let him act clumsily, but over time he will learn everything and not lose interest;

• leave the little one alone. There are so many temptations in the bath: smelly soap, syrupy shampoo - they can easily end up in the tummy of a naughty one;

• haste. For a small crumb, independent hygiene procedures are new, so he copes with them slowly. By rushing it, you will force to reduce the time of the procedure without bringing it to the end;

• scold the little one. It turns out not everything and not immediately - put up with it. Your cry will not help to master the skills faster, but will only develop a negative attitude towards the process in the baby. Hygiene is needed and important, but only your love and patience will help the little mischievous person get used to it and accept it as part of his life.

Rules for personal hygiene of adolescents

During puberty, hormonal changes occur in the body of a teenager, as a result of which the sebaceous and sweat glands begin to produce a secret more intensively. In other words, a teenager's skin becomes more oily and begins to sweat more. Therefore, personal hygiene at this age has its own characteristics.

Unpleasant property oily skin- the ability to cause blockage of pores, which turns into an ugly acne rash on a child's face and back. To avoid this, a zinc-based cleanser will help. It cleanses well and slightly dries the skin.

A morning and evening shower will solve the problem with sweat, and deodorant will cope with the smell of armpits. Just explain to the young gentleman and lady that this remedy should be used regularly, and not occasionally. And teach them to change their underwear daily, and buy them underwear made from natural fabrics: they air-condition well and absorb moisture.

At the age of 12-13, teenagers will also have to get acquainted with the rules of intimate hygiene, since it is at this age that they begin puberty, and with it not only hair appears in the armpits and in the inguinal zone, but also menstruation and wet dreams begin.

What will parents have to do?

1. Tell your son and daughter in advance about involuntary ejaculation and menstruation and explain what needs to be done in such cases. The girl needs to be shown how to use sanitary napkins and how often they need to be changed.

2. The son should be taught to use safety razor, and my daughter - with depilatory creams, since the children have grown up, and they will have to remove the hair from their bodies themselves.

Remember: a child at the age of 12-16 physiologically more and more resembles an adult, and therefore the hygiene of adolescents also takes on the features of growing up.

How women's hygiene differs from girls' hygiene and whether it differs at all, see the video of Dr. Komarovsky's school:

It's no secret that a child's personal hygiene is a guarantee good health and immunity. By teaching your baby the simplest basics of caring for your own body, you will protect him from pathogenic microbes and viruses. However, be prepared for the fact that it can be quite difficult to instill in a child the habit of washing hands and swimming not “under duress”. It is recommended to develop personal hygiene skills in children in game form, attracting the attention of little fidgets with fairy tales about Moidodyr, delicious-smelling cosmetics and their own example.

Teaching your child personal hygiene: 5 common mistakes

Teaching kids about self-care is essential. early age. Each new day of a newborn should begin with mother's words: Good morning, let's make sips, wash your face. It is very important that this ritual is repeated regularly. Already at the age of 1.5-3 years, children are willing to learn and grasp everything on the fly, so what you put into your child now will serve as the foundation for self-organization in adulthood.

At the same time, parents often make serious mistakes that not only slow down the process of teaching a child about personal hygiene, but can also lead to absolutely the opposite result. Consider what you should not do if you do not want the baby to grow up dirty:

1. Often, parents do everything instead of children: they wash, wipe their faces, squeeze out on a brush toothpaste etc. It is easy to guess that in this case the little one will not learn anything - he simply will not have such an opportunity;
2. It is undesirable to leave a child unattended during hygiene procedures until you are sure that he already knows how to perform all the actions on his own. At best, a toothbrush will serve as a brush for a little artist, and a tile will become worthy replacement easel; at worst, a strawberry shampoo taster may need health care. Help the baby, do everything together with him to clearly show how to wash, brush your teeth, etc.;
3. Do not rush the children - the desire to manage in record time can cause negligence and inaccuracy in the future. For adults, personal hygiene is a daily habit, but for a little one, it is an exciting ritual. Over time, it will become mechanical, but attempts to achieve this artificially can completely discourage the child’s natural interest in personal hygiene;
4. If you want to instill hygiene habits in your child, you should not intimidate him with caries, dangerous bacteria and other horror stories. This method is not effective, since in most cases children have no idea what it is about and why it should be feared;
5. If something does not work out for a child, he does not allow himself to cut his nails or wash his hair, there is no need to be nervous and continue the unpleasant procedure, despite stubborn resistance. Remember: no violence! This will only aggravate the situation - personal hygiene will begin to cause the baby to negative emotions which will definitely not lead to anything good.

Basic rules of personal hygiene for children

By the age of 6, the baby should fully master all hygiene procedures and perform them without help and reminders from the elders. Let's look at the basic rules of personal hygiene for children:

• oral care

The child should brush his teeth in the morning after breakfast and in the evening before going to bed, using children's toothpaste and his own brush, which should be changed monthly. To minimize the risk of tooth decay, teach your child to rinse his mouth with boiled water after each meal.

• Hygiene of the face, ears, nose, neck and feet

The baby should wash his face and neck twice a day (morning and evening), and as needed. Before going to bed, he should wash his feet if he has not previously taken a bath or shower. With all this, the little one is able to cope on his own; The task of parents is to control. The nasal passages should be cleaned as needed, and the ears once a week with ear sticks with limiters. Toenails are trimmed every 3-4 weeks. These personal hygiene procedures for a child are quite complicated, so they should be performed under the supervision of elders.

• Hair care

Children preschool age able to learn to comb without assistance. Give your child a personal comb and explain how to use it. If a girl has long hair, it is desirable that her mother helped her do her hair. Parents of boys are recommended to visit the hairdresser's office with their son once every two months. It is equally important to wash your hair on time. This should be done 1-3 times a week (depending on the type of hair) using baby shampoo.

• Hygiene of hands and nails

Already at preschool age, the child should be clearly aware that it is necessary to wash hands with soap before eating, after going to the toilet and walking on the street. Mom should trim his fingernails once a week.

• Genital hygiene

Teach your baby to wash himself 1-2 times a day with warm water and soap. For the purposes of intimate personal hygiene, the child should have a separate towel.

• Body care

Children of preschool age are recommended to bathe in the bathtub once a week and take a shower daily in the evenings. Of course, if the baby loves water procedures, and for you this is not burdensome, you can allow him to splash more often - 2-3 times a week. In the hot season, invite your child to take a shower not only before bedtime, but also in the morning. 4.9 out of 5 (25 votes)

It got worse. This phenomenon is caused by several reasons, one of them is a violation of the basics of personal hygiene by a child.

Rules to be observed within the walls of the house

A schoolchild is what every child should strive for. This is what you need to teach your baby from the moment of birth! So that the child is not called a slut, parents will have to work hard on raising a child for several years. When the baby grows up, then without the help of mom or dad, he will wash himself and brush his teeth on his own.

Compliance with the student is an important point in raising a child. First, the parent needs to teach the child to make the bed. Secondly, in the morning and in the evening it is necessary to ventilate the rooms where children sleep. Remember that sunlight for 15 minutes kills germs in the air and on floor and furniture surfaces. Therefore, uncurtained windows on a sunny day - excellent prevention viral and infectious diseases. Thirdly, clean dishes are also important point in the prevention of viral and infectious diseases.

It goes without saying that no one canceled brushing your teeth and washing your face in the mornings and evenings. The first grader must perform these procedures on their own! Reassure the child that it is imperative to observe the rules of personal hygiene. The student is easy to persuade.

How to wash your hands properly

We are taught to wash our hands before eating and after walking on the street from early childhood. But studies have shown that 95% of children and adults do not know how to do it right! What do you think, what is it connected with? Everything is quite simple. When we turn on the water from the tap, we touch the handle or valve with dirty fingers. Microbes living on the surface of the skin are immediately transferred to the hands! After washing our hands with soap, we close the faucet, touching those same valves, and transplant the bacilli back into clean hands. The effect and benefit of such washing is reduced to almost zero.

A logical question arises: “How then is it right to wash your hands?”. Everything is simple here. The algorithm is the same. But at the moment the tap is closed, it is necessary to pick up a napkin, cover the valve with it and turn it the required number of times. If you have a "one-handed" crane, then it's even easier. We close it back side palms. And, of course, do not forget to wash your hands with a disinfectant.

Life hack for brushing your teeth

Those who have been at least once in their life at a dentist's appointment, probably remembered the oval and clean mirror on the handle, in which you see the result of the dentist's work. In a children's cup by the sink, you can put the same, only miniature sizes.

This measure will allow the baby to observe the teeth during their brushing, to consider what is happening with the distant teeth, how well they are cleaned. If you perform this procedure regularly and efficiently, then the visit to the dentist will be minimized.

If the child is sick

When a child or an adult is sick with a cold or flu, then the rules of personal hygiene of the student need to be tightened. The memo recommends that each family member have their own cutlery (mugs, plates, forks and spoons) for the period of illness. Ventilate the room and the patient's room as often as possible. Both sick and healthy people must wear face masks. If the patient sneezes or coughs, then he is simply obliged to cover his mouth or nose with a handkerchief when he does this!

Schoolchildren's personal hygiene rules: a memo (briefly)

1. Start and end the day with brushing your teeth.
2. After completing the exercises, it is necessary to fill the bed and move the curtains, opening the window.
3. Trim your fingernails and toenails every week. It is best to do this on the Sunday evening before the start of the school week, and then go to the shower.
4. Every evening it is necessary to wash, both girls and boys - this is stated in the rules of personal hygiene of the student.
5. The memo reminds you that several times a week you need to rub the body with a soapy washcloth. This procedure will wash away dirt and microbes from the surface of the epidermis, and also remove particles of keratinized skin.
6. Children should wash their hair no more than 2 times a week. With frequent colds allowed to reduce the number of procedures.
7. Every morning the child must put on clean ironed panties and socks (tights).
8. In the school cafeteria, you can not drink from someone else's glass, and you can not use other people's cutlery.
9. Do not share change of shoes.
10. It is known that schoolchildren in the classroom like to gnaw caps on pens, as well as erasers on the top of a pencil. It is absolutely impossible to do this.
11. The presence of a student's own comb will help to avoid infection with pediculosis.

What to do, if….

If a child forgets to follow the rules of personal hygiene of a student, a memo will come to his aid. It should be propagated and as often as possible catch the eye of the child. Also, parents are required to strictly adhere to these rules. If a child sees how mom or dad observes hygiene standards, then he himself will be happy to fulfill them, imitating his beloved parents.

Keep clean, and your body will thank you for this work with strong immunity!

The hygiene of preschool children is a science that studies external factors that affect the child's body. Personal hygiene of preschool children requires the observance of basic and primary measures to create the necessary conditions for maintaining the health of the child. The main task of creating the right regimen for the child is healthy sleep, timely eating and necessary rest at lunchtime and at night. If the necessary regimen is not observed, you can notice the child's poor health, lethargy, fatigue, and further psychological illness.

Hygiene of preschool children - Personal hygiene rules for children

Rules for personal hygiene of preschool children in pictures: