Pension fund income per year. Financial stability of the pension system of the Russian Federation. All about funded pension

Russian President Vladimir Putin signed the federal law "On the Budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for 2016"*.

The PFR budget for 2016 takes into account the costs of paying pensions, social benefits, and maternity capital. The total amount of PFR budget expenditures in 2016 will amount to 7,703.9 billion rubles (including the distribution component of the budget - 7,421.6 billion rubles). The PFR budget for expenditures will amount to 9.8% of the GDP of the Russian Federation.

Indexation of pensions

The PFR budget includes the cost of indexing from February 1, 2016, insurance pensions of non-working pensioners by 4%. The indexation of the fixed payment to the insurance pension in 2016 will also be made from February 1 by 4%. The amount of the fixed payment after indexation will be 4,558.93 rubles per month, the cost pension point- 74.27 rubles (in 2015 - 71.41 rubles).

The average annual insurance old-age pension in 2016 will be 13,132 rubles, which corresponds to 149.2% of the pensioner's subsistence minimum.

From 1 April 2016 size social pension will be indexed by 4%. As a result, in 2016 the average annual social pension will be 8,562 rubles.

Expenses of the Pension Fund of Russia for the payment of pensions and benefits in 2016 are planned at the level of 6,539.1 billion rubles (this is 104.2% higher than in 2015).

Of these, expenses for the payment of an insurance pension are planned in the amount of 5,972.9 billion rubles. This is 134.7 billion rubles (102.3%) more than planned for the payment of insurance pensions for 2015 (5,838.2 billion rubles).

At the same time, as before, in 2016 in Russia there will be no pensioners whose monthly income is lower than living wage pensioner in the region of residence. Everyone non-working pensioners a social supplement to the pension will be made up to the level of the subsistence minimum for a pensioner in the region of residence. For the payment of the federal social supplement to pensions for 2.7 million people, 44.3 billion rubles are allocated in the PFR budget for 2016.

Number of pensioners

It is predicted that during 2016 the number of pensioners receiving pensions through the Pension Fund will increase by more than 546 thousand people - from 42.7 million to 43.2 million people. The increase in the number of pension recipients in the PFR compared to 2015 is associated with a natural increase in the number of pensioners in the Russian Federation.

The main type of pensions in Russia in 2016 will be insurance pension. The number of its recipients at the beginning of 2016 will be more than 39 million people. More than 3.5 million people are recipients of state pensions, while about 3.1 million pensioners are recipients of social pensions.

Benefits and social payments

The Pension Fund of Russia makes social payments to over 15 million federal beneficiaries: veterans, disabled people, Heroes of the Soviet Union, Heroes of Russia, etc.

In accordance with the PFR budget, on April 1, 2016, the amount of the monthly cash payment will be indexed by 6.4%. In 2016, the Pension Fund of Russia will allocate 419.4 billion rubles for the payment of the monthly income (9.3 billion rubles more than in 2015).

Russians caring for disabled citizens will continue to receive compensation payments in the amount of 1,200 rubles per month. Expenses for these payments in 2016 are planned at the level of 34.8 billion rubles. The Pension Fund of Russia makes monthly payments of 5,500 or 1,200 rubles per month to non-working parents of disabled children and people disabled since childhood. Expenses for these payments in 2016 are planned at the level of 32.1 billion rubles.

Maternal capital
In 2016, the Pension Fund of Russia will continue to issue state certificates for maternity (family) capital, as well as the payment of maternity capital funds. In accordance with the PFR budget, 304.3 billion rubles will be allocated for these purposes in 2016.

Within the budget allocations for 2016, funds for the provision in 2016 of a lump-sum payment in the amount of 20 thousand rubles (4.2 billion rubles based on their number of 209.4 thousand people) are taken into account. To date, over 6.5 million families in Russia have received a certificate from the PFR for maternal capital, more than 3.3 million of them fully disposed of its funds.

Social programs

In 2016, the budget of the Pension Fund of Russia included 1.0 billion rubles to provide subsidies to the budgets of the subjects of the Federation for social programs. Subsidies are provided for social programs related to strengthening the material and technical base of social service institutions, providing targeted social assistance non-working pensioners and teaching computer literacy to non-working pensioners on the principles of co-financing the expenses of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The provision of such subsidies is an annual practice of the Pension Fund of Russia. The main areas of subsidies are the construction and repair of social service institutions, the purchase of technological equipment and durable items in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Targeted assistance is provided to non-working pensioners for partial compensation for damage due to emergencies or natural disasters.

Receipt of insurance premiums

The volume of receipts of insurance premiums for compulsory pension insurance in 2016 is projected at the level of 4,060.35 billion rubles. This includes the forecasted receipt of contributions from the self-employed population (payers who do not make payments to employees) at the level of 81.58 billion rubles, the receipt of additional insurance premiums for workers employed in hazardous or hazardous industries (according to lists No. 1, 2, etc.). "small" lists) - 90.76 billion rubles.

The calculation of insurance premiums for the OPS was carried out on the basis of the forecast of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation for the fund wages in the country for 2016 in the amount of 19,903 billion rubles.

The rate of insurance premiums for OPS for employers using hired labor remains the same: 22% + 10% of the amounts of payments exceeding the maximum base for calculating insurance premiums (in 2016 - 796 thousand rubles per year).

In terms of income, the PFR budget for 2016 was formed in the amount of 7,528.8 billion rubles (including the distribution component of the budget - 7,421.6 billion rubles), which is 105.3% more than in 2015.

The difference between income and expenses of the PFR budget is due to the movement of funds pension savings in terms of expenses: more than 280 billion rubles will be transferred to non-state pension funds as part of the 2015 transition campaign or paid to pensioners and successors. Income from pension savings in the amount of about 107 billion rubles will be generated from the income from their investment by the Pension Fund of Russia and management companies, additional insurance premiums of program participants state co-financing pensions.

*. Adopted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation on December 4, 2015, approved by the Federation Council on December 9, 2015.

Pension provision is a serious issue at the present time not only in Russia, but also in many other countries, when the old principles no longer work and it is necessary to look for new ways to solve emerging problems. Therefore, the reform pension system, is indispensable for ensuring a dignified old age for the population of the country.

PFR is the largest of the social non-budgetary funds. It accounts for 75% of extrabudgetary social funds. PFR budget funds are federal property, are not included in other budgets and are not subject to withdrawal.

The budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation is formed by:

• insurance premiums for compulsory pension insurance;
• insurance premiums for funded part labor pension and employer contributions in favor of insured persons paying additional insurance premiums for the funded part of the labor pension credited to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation;
• contributions at an additional rate for employers of organizations employing the labor of members of flight crews of civil aviation aircraft;
• arrears, penalties, fines on contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation;
• income from the placement of funds of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation;
• fines, sanctions, amounts received as a result of compensation for damage;
• gratuitous receipts from non-state pension funds;
• intergovernmental transfers from the federal budget;

Enterprises and organizations-employers pay insurance premiums once a month - within the time limits set for receiving wages. The company's insurance premiums first go to the federal budget, then from the budget they are transferred to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. In addition to the above sources, budgetary funds are transferred to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for the payment of state pensions military personnel, federal state civil servants and other citizens equated to them, citizens affected by the Chernobyl disaster, citizens from among the cosmonauts and flight test personnel. The Pension Fund of the Russian Federation is entrusted with control over the timely and complete receipt of insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. The minimum tax in connection with the use of a simplified taxation system is 60%.

When forming the Fund's budget, insurance premiums for mandatory pension insurance for 2016 are set on the basis of a base rate of 22% and a tariff of 10% from the amounts of payments exceeding the maximum base for calculating insurance premiums. Reduced rates of insurance premiums in the amount of 6% for payers who have received the status of a participant in a free economic zone in the territories of the Republic of Crimea and the city federal significance Sevastopol; residents of the territories of advanced socio-economic development that are part of the Far Eastern Federal District.

Receipts from payers of insurance contributions from among the self-employed population in 2016 are determined in a fixed amount based on minimum size wages (since 01/01/2016, the minimum wage is 6204 rubles) and a tariff of 26%, which is 19,356.48 rubles, as well as 1% of the amount of income over 300 thousand rubles. with the establishment of the upper limit of payment, calculated from 8 minimum wages. Figure 1 shows a positive trend in the growth of receipts in the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation.

Figure 1 - Receipt of funds from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation of the value of Sevastopol; residents of the territories of advanced socio-economic development that are part of the Far Eastern Federal District.

The maximum value of the base for calculating insurance premiums is determined based on the forecast average wage in the Russian Federation for 2016 - 36,838 rubles. Taking into account the application of a multiplying factor of 1.8, the limit value in 2016 will be 796 thousand rubles .

The total volume of insurance premiums for the OPS is projected in 2016 in the amount of 4,232.7 billion rubles.

The total amount of interbudgetary transfers from the federal budget is 3,184.8 billion rubles. (in 2015, the total amount of the transfer was 3,004.0 billion rubles). The Foundation's budget for 2016, as in previous years, provides for allocations from the federal budget in the amount of 1.0 billion rubles. for co-financing of social programs of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation related to the strengthening of the material and technical base of social service institutions and the provision of targeted social assistance to non-working pensioners.

The draft budget of the Fund was formed taking into account the projected increase in the number of pension recipients for 2016 by 545.6 thousand people. (at the beginning of 2017, 43.23 million people).

· payment of state labor pensions, including the total amount of intergovernmental transfers from the federal budget is 3,184.8 billion rubles. (in 2015, the total amount of the transfer was 3,004.0 billion rubles). The Foundation's budget for 2016, as in previous years, provides for allocations from the federal budget in the amount of 1.0 billion rubles. for co-financing of social programs of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation related to the strengthening of the material and technical base of social service institutions and the provision of targeted social assistance to non-working pensioners.

The projected cost savings in connection with the refusal of the annual indexation of insurance pensions for working pensioners is taken into account in the Fund's budget for 2016 in the amount of 87.14 billion rubles. thousand people (at the beginning of 2017, 43.23 million people).

The funds of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation are spent on:

• payment of allowances for burial to recipients of pensions; the provision of material assistance to the elderly and disabled citizens; citizens traveling outside Russia;

• financial support for the current activities of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and its bodies;
• other expenses.

The total amount of expenditures of the budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for 2016 is 7,421.6 billion rubles.

As a result of the measures planned in 2016 to increase the size of pensions:

• the average insurance pension (including a fixed payment) at the end of the year will be 12,689 rubles. and will increase over the year by 353 rubles;
• the average size of the social pension at the end of the year will be 8,644 rubles. and will increase over the year by 332 rubles;

the average annual insurance pension in 2016 will be 12,603 ​​rubles. (or 143.2% to PMP).

Revenues and expenditures of the Fund's budget for the funded component for 2016 are projected in the following volumes: revenues - 107.3 billion rubles, expenses - 282.3 billion rubles.

The main indicators of the RF PF budget are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 - Main indicators of the PFR budget for 2016

The Fund's budget provides for the transfer of pension savings to NPFs in 2016 in the amount of 270.7 billion rubles, including those related to the payment of additional insurance premiums for funded pensions and employer contributions - 8.1 billion rubles, maternity (family) capital transferred to the formation funded pension mothers - 61.8 million rubles, federal budget funds transferred to co-finance the formation of pension savings - 6.0 billion rubles.

Let us study the social programs of the PFR. The financial stability of the pension system in 2016, as well as in previous years, is proposed to be ensured by transferring federal budget funds to the Fund's budget in amounts sufficient for the payment and delivery of insurance pensions.

Social programs, which are financed only from the federal budget, are aimed at improving the lives of federal beneficiaries.

In 2016, the budget of the Pension Fund of Russia included 1.0 billion rubles. to provide subsidies to the budgets of the subjects of the Federation for social programs. Since 2000, the PFR has been participating in the financing of social programs of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation related to the strengthening of the material and technical base of social service institutions and the provision of targeted social

For the period 2006 - 2014 the capacity of stationary social service institutions increased by 6,304 beds. In the last three years alone, 1,451 units have been purchased. vehicles to equip mobile teams created at social service institutions to provide medical and social services to elderly citizens and the disabled at home. Assistance to non-working pensioners. During this time, the PFR transferred funds to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the amount of 26.7 billion rubles.

During the implementation of repair work in social service institutions Special attention The focus was on meeting fire safety requirements: power supply and electric lighting systems were replaced, fire alarms were installed, combustible materials were dismantled, fire-retardant treatment of wooden structures, etc.

The PFR provided funds for the provision of targeted social assistance to non-working pensioners in various areas for a total of 7.6 billion rubles. Targeted social assistance was provided to more than 112 thousand victims of natural disasters and emergencies of non-working pensioners. The funds were used to gasify the living quarters of pensioners, provide material assistance in connection with the celebration of Victory Day, the Day of the Elderly and the Day of the Disabled, and provide one-time financial assistance to non-working pensioners.

Subsidies from the Pension Fund of Russia to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are a serious incentive to expand social programs aimed at real improvement in the quality of life of the most socially vulnerable categories of pensioners and disabled people.

One of the main social programs implemented by the PFR is Maternal (family) capital. On January 1, 2007, Federal Law No. 256-FZ dated December 29, 2006 "On Additional Measures state support families with children". This law defines such a concept as maternity family capital, which families who have given birth (or adopted) a second or subsequent child after January 1, 2007 are entitled to receive.

You can receive maternity capital only once. The amount of maternity capital was originally set at 250 thousand rubles. In the subsequent years of this program, the amount of payments was indexed, but in 2016 the Government and the State Duma decided not to index the amount provided for by the certificate - now it is 453,026 rubles. (Table 2).

Table 2 - The amount of maternity (family) capital

The certificate can be used in the following areas:

1. Improvement of living conditions:

buying a home;

construction of new housing;

Reconstruction of housing (at the same time it is necessary to increase the total living area of ​​the house).

2. To enable all children in the family to use educational services (including living in a hostel with educational institution, payment for preschool educational institutions).

3. To form a funded part of the pension of a woman who gave birth or adopted a second (third, fourth and subsequent) child.

4. Use the funds under the certificate for the social adaptation of children with disabilities.

From the report on maternity capital for 2014, the number of families that fully used maternity (family) capital amounted to 2,749,629 units. (Table 3).

Table 3 - Report on maternity (family) capital for 2014

In 2016, the Pension Fund of Russia will continue to issue state certificates for maternity (family) capital, as well as the payment of maternity capital funds. In accordance with the PFR budget, 304.3 billion rubles will be allocated for these purposes in 2016.

Within the budget allocations for 2016, funds were taken into account for the provision in 2016 of a lump sum payment in the amount of 20 thousand rubles. (4.2 billion rubles based on their number of 209.4 thousand people). To date, more than 6.5 million families in Russia have received a certificate for maternity capital from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, more than 3.3 million of them have fully disposed of its funds.

In 2015, the Pension Fund continued to pay out pension savings. If a citizen is already a pensioner or has the right to a pension and at the same time has pension savings, then he should apply to the FIU for the appropriate payment. If a citizen forms his pension savings through a non-state pension fund, then an application should be submitted to the relevant NPF. It is important to note that since 2015, changes have been made to the deadlines for applying for a lump sum payment. Recall that if at retirement the amount of pension savings of a citizen in the total amount of his pension is five percent or less, pension savings are paid in the form of a lump sum payment. Since 2015, if a citizen received his pension savings in the form of a lump sum payment, the next lump sum payment can be made to him no earlier than in five years. This change primarily applies to participants in the State Pension Co-financing Program who are pensioners.

One-time cash payments to pensioners are made to the following categories of insured persons:

Citizens applying for pension payments in connection with the loss of a breadwinner;

persons receiving a disability pension, disabled pensioners due to illness;

Citizens who do not have the right to pensions due to the lack of seniority, but falling under the state pension provision in the form of a social pension.

Since February 1, the size of the monthly cash payment (UDV) to federal beneficiaries (veterans, disabled people, citizens exposed to radiation, Heroes of the Soviet Union and Russia, Heroes of Socialist Labor, etc.) has been indexed by 7%. This increase concerns more than 15 million federal beneficiaries. Pension reform 2015 is the next stage of reforming the pension system of the Russian Federation. Since January 1, 2015, a new procedure for the formation of citizens' pension rights and the calculation of pensions in the system of compulsory pension insurance has been in force - the so-called "new pension formula". Labor pension is transformed into two types of pensions: insurance and funded. To calculate the insurance pension under the new rules, for the first time, the concept of “individual pension coefficient” (pension point) is introduced, which is assessed every year labor activity citizen. In order to be eligible for an old-age insurance pension, you must have 30 or more pension points, however, this rule will become fully effective from 2025, and from 2015 it will be enough to have 6.6 points. The requirements for the minimum length of service to qualify for an old-age pension are also changing. From the current 5 years, it will grow to 15 years. However, as in the case of pension points, there is a transition period: in 2015, the required minimum experience will be 6 years and will gradually increase over 10 years - 1 year every year. It should be noted that in the new pension formula, in addition to periods of labor activity, points will also be awarded for socially significant periods of a person’s life, such as military service on conscription, leave to care for a child, the period of caring for a disabled child, a citizen over 80 years old, etc. From January 1, 2015, the cost of a pension point is 64.1 rubles, the amount of a fixed payment to an insurance pension is 3,935 rubles.

Since February 1, 2016, the insurance pensions of non-working pensioners have increased by 4%. Together with the insurance pension, the fixed payment to it was also indexed by 4% (an analogue of the former fixed base amount).

As a result of indexation, the average old-age insurance pension, taking into account a fixed payment, is 13.1 thousand rubles.

Since 2015, the indexation of insurance pensions has been carried out through the indexation of the value of the pension point. Since February 1, 2016, its cost has increased by 4 percent: from 71 rubles. 41 kop. 74 rub. 27 kop.

Citizens born in 1967 and younger have the opportunity to choose the option of forming pension rights: either form insurance and funded pensions, or choose to form only an insurance pension. The choice of option will directly affect the number of pension points that a citizen can earn in a year. If a citizen forms only an insurance pension, the maximum number of points that he can earn in a year is 10. If a citizen forms both insurance and funded pensions - 6.25. When choosing the ratio of percentages for the formation of insurance and funded pensions, it should be remembered that the insurance pension is guaranteed to increase by the state not below the level of inflation. Funded pension funds are invested in the financial market by a non-state pension fund or a management company chosen by a citizen. The profitability of pension savings depends on the results of their investment, and there may be a loss from investment. In this case, only the amount of paid insurance premiums is guaranteed to be paid.

Thus, pension provision is a serious issue not only in Russia, but also in many other countries, when the old principles no longer work and it is necessary to look for new ways to solve emerging problems. Therefore, reforming the pension system is indispensable for ensuring a decent old age for the population of the country.

Scientific supervisors:
Kalinin Nikolay Vasilievich, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Finance and Information Technologies of Management, Tula Branch of the PRUE. G.V. Plekhanov, Tula, Russia
Medvedeva Tatyana Vyacheslavovna, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Finance and Information Technologies of Management, Tula Branch of the PRUE. G.AT. Plekhanov, G. Tula, Russia

Russian President Vladimir Putin signed the federal law "On the Budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for 2016"*.

The PFR budget for 2016 takes into account the costs of paying pensions, social benefits, and maternity capital. The total amount of PFR budget expenditures in 2016 will amount to 7,703.9 billion rubles (including the distribution component of the budget - 7,421.6 billion rubles). The PFR budget for expenditures will amount to 9.8% of the GDP of the Russian Federation.

Indexation of pensions

The PFR budget includes the cost of indexing from February 1, 2016, insurance pensions of non-working pensioners by 4%. The indexation of the fixed payment to the insurance pension in 2016 will also be made from February 1 by 4%. The amount of the fixed payment after indexation will be 4,558.93 rubles per month, the cost of a pension point is 74.27 rubles (in 2015 - 71.41 rubles).

The average annual insurance old-age pension in 2016 will be 13,132 rubles, which corresponds to 149.2% of the pensioner's subsistence minimum.

From April 1, 2016, the size of the social pension will be indexed by 4%. As a result, in 2016 the average annual social pension will be 8,562 rubles.

Expenses of the Pension Fund of Russia for the payment of pensions and benefits in 2016 are planned at the level of 6,539.1 billion rubles (this is 104.2% higher than in 2015).

Of these, expenses for the payment of an insurance pension are planned in the amount of 5,972.9 billion rubles. This is 134.7 billion rubles (102.3%) more than planned for the payment of insurance pensions for 2015 (5,838.2 billion rubles).

At the same time, as before, in 2016 there will be no pensioners in Russia whose monthly income is below the subsistence level of a pensioner in the region of residence. All non-working pensioners will receive a social supplement to their pension up to the subsistence level of a pensioner in the region of residence. For the payment of the federal social supplement to pensions for 2.7 million people, 44.3 billion rubles are allocated in the PFR budget for 2016.

Number of pensioners

It is predicted that during 2016 the number of pensioners receiving pensions through the Pension Fund will increase by more than 546 thousand people - from 42.7 million to 43.2 million people. The increase in the number of pension recipients in the PFR compared to 2015 is associated with a natural increase in the number of pensioners in the Russian Federation.

The main type of pensions in Russia in 2016 will be the insurance pension. The number of its recipients at the beginning of 2016 will be more than 39 million people. More than 3.5 million people are recipients of state pensions, while about 3.1 million pensioners are recipients of social pensions.

Benefits and social payments

The Pension Fund of Russia makes social payments to over 15 million federal beneficiaries: veterans, disabled people, Heroes of the Soviet Union, Heroes of Russia, etc.

In accordance with the PFR budget, on April 1, 2016, the amount of the monthly cash payment will be indexed by 6.4%. In 2016, the Pension Fund of Russia will allocate 419.4 billion rubles for the payment of the monthly income (9.3 billion rubles more than in 2015).

Russians caring for disabled citizens will continue to receive compensation payments in the amount of 1,200 rubles per month. Expenses for these payments in 2016 are planned at the level of 34.8 billion rubles. The Pension Fund of Russia makes monthly payments of 5,500 or 1,200 rubles per month to non-working parents of disabled children and people disabled since childhood. Expenses for these payments in 2016 are planned at the level of 32.1 billion rubles.

Maternal capital
In 2016, the Pension Fund of Russia will continue to issue state certificates for maternity (family) capital, as well as the payment of maternity capital funds. In accordance with the PFR budget, 304.3 billion rubles will be allocated for these purposes in 2016.

Within the budget allocations for 2016, funds for the provision in 2016 of a lump-sum payment in the amount of 20 thousand rubles (4.2 billion rubles based on their number of 209.4 thousand people) are taken into account. To date, more than 6.5 million families in Russia have received a certificate for maternity capital from the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, more than 3.3 million of them have fully disposed of its funds.

Social programs

In 2016, the budget of the Pension Fund of Russia included 1.0 billion rubles to provide subsidies to the budgets of the subjects of the Federation for social programs. Subsidies are provided for social programs related to strengthening the material and technical base of social service institutions, providing targeted social assistance to non-working pensioners and teaching computer literacy to non-working pensioners on the principles of co-financing the costs of constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The provision of such subsidies is an annual practice of the Pension Fund of Russia. The main areas of subsidies are the construction and repair of social service institutions, the purchase of technological equipment and durable items in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Targeted assistance is provided to non-working pensioners for partial compensation of damage in connection with emergencies or natural disasters.

Receipt of insurance premiums

The volume of receipts of insurance premiums for compulsory pension insurance in 2016 is projected at the level of 4,060.35 billion rubles. This includes the forecasted receipt of contributions from the self-employed population (payers who do not make payments to employees) at the level of 81.58 billion rubles, the receipt of additional insurance premiums for workers employed in hazardous or hazardous industries (according to lists No. 1, 2, etc.). "small" lists) - 90.76 billion rubles.

The calculation of insurance premiums for the OPS was carried out on the basis of the forecast of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation for the wage fund in the country for 2016 in the amount of 19,903 billion rubles.

The rate of insurance premiums for OPS for employers using hired labor remains the same: 22% + 10% of the amounts of payments exceeding the maximum base for calculating insurance premiums (in 2016 - 796 thousand rubles per year).

In terms of income, the PFR budget for 2016 was formed in the amount of 7,528.8 billion rubles (including the distribution component of the budget - 7,421.6 billion rubles), which is 105.3% more than in 2015.

The difference between PFR budget revenues and expenditures is due to the movement of pension savings in terms of expenses: more than 280 billion rubles will be transferred to non-state pension funds as part of the 2015 transition campaign or paid to pensioners and successors. Income from pension savings in the amount of about 107 billion rubles will be generated from the income from their investment by the Pension Fund of Russia and management companies, additional insurance premiums of participants in the state pension co-financing program.

*. Adopted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation on December 4, 2015, approved by the Federation Council on December 9, 2015.

• Bazanova Dilyara Imangaziyevna, bachelor, student
• Omsk State University F.M. Dostoevsky

• INCOME OF THE PENSION FUND OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
• FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF THE PENSION SYSTEM
• DEFICIENCY OF THE PENSION FUND OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
• RF PENSION FUND EXPENSES
• PENSION REFORM 2015

The article discusses the main problems of the country's pension system, analyzes the budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, draws conclusions about the financial stability of the Pension Fund, and also provides possible options solving the problems of the pension system.

• Improving the formation of a capital repair fund in apartment buildings
• Legal regulation of the issues of assessing the quality of public (municipal) services provided in Russia

The current pension system took shape when economic relations were based exclusively on state (public) property and the state strictly regulated all spheres of society and the national economy. The state of the current system of pension provision in the Russian Federation is one of the most acute social and economic problems. .

The problem of lack of funds in the budget of the Pension Fund to finance insurance pensions for current pensioners is due to the serious demographic situation in the country. The number of pensioners is growing every year with a reduction in the working part of the population, which leads to an increase in the burden on the able-bodied population. In Russia, there are 1.7 workers per pensioner, which indicates large-scale disproportions. This situation is explained by the peculiarities of the Russian pension system, among which are: low retirement age, a high proportion of beneficiaries, the possibility of receiving a pension for working pensioners. The presence of numerous benefits by age puts workers in unequal conditions, leads to a situation where people, regardless of the length of the term for paying contributions and their size, receive a pension bigger size over a longer period.

Shadow employment is also a significant problem. Salaries issued in envelopes lead to insufficient receipt of insurance premiums in the budget of the Pension Fund.

The increase in the number of pensioners is explained by large quantity early (preferential) pensioners, which is also growing every year. Therefore, the Pension Fund has a large financial burden on paying early retirement people who have not yet reached retirement age. All these "holes" in the country's pension system lead to the fact that pensioners receive low pensions. Incomes of pensioners chronically lag behind the price level. The wage replacement rate for pension today is on average about 40%, in 2050 it may fall to 25%.

The Russian pension system is in critical condition and needs effective measures to stabilize the financial situation. In order to give a final assessment of the financial stability of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to analyze the formation and expenditure of the Fund's budget.

In 2012, the income of the Pension Fund amounted to 5.890 trillion. rub., in 2013 - 6.388 trillion. rub., in 2014 - 6.159 trillion. rub. . The total revenues from the accumulative component of the Pension Fund's budget for 2014 amounted to 83.6 billion rubles, of which 33 billion rubles were received from insurance premiums, which is 481.7 billion rubles less than in 2013. The decrease in receipts of insurance premiums for the funded part of the pension in 2014 is due to a change in the legislation on compulsory pension insurance, in accordance with which a decision was made to direct all insurance premiums at an individual rate to finance the insurance part of labor pension.

To a greater extent, the budget of the Pension Fund is formed at the expense of non-tax revenues and gratuitous receipts. Grant receipts account for almost half of the income of the Pension Fund in 2012-2013, and in 2014. the share of gratuitous receipts decreases. The largest share in all gratuitous receipts is made up of interbudgetary transfers from the federal budget (about 99%). This fact confirms the importance of public funding. If the state further reduces the provision of interbudgetary transfers to the fund, then the Pension Fund will not survive only on the insurance premiums of citizens.

The largest share of all tax and non-tax revenues is insurance premiums for compulsory social insurance (98–99%). Thus, the main sources of formation of the budget of the Pension Fund are insurance premiums for compulsory social insurance and intergovernmental transfers from the federal budget.

During 2010-2013 there was a tendency to increase the income of the Pension Fund, and in 2014 - a decrease. According to further forecasts, in 2015-2017. an increase in the income of the Pension Fund is expected (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Dynamics of income of the Pension Fund in 2010–2017

In 2011, compared to 2010, the income of the Pension Fund increased by 14%, in 2012 - by 12%, in 2013 - by 8.5%, and in 2014 decreased by 4% (Fig. 2). Income increase in 2010-2013 due to the annual indexation of wages, which leads to an increase in the amount of insurance premiums. The decrease in the Fund's income in 2014 is associated with the new pension reform of 2013-2015, since it was during this period that a certain part of the population began to conclude agreements with non-state pension funds and, consequently, transfer their savings from the Pension Fund to the relevant organizations. Another reason for the decrease in the income of the Pension Fund in 2014 is the decrease in insurance receipts for the funded part of the pension and the decrease in gratuitous receipts. Income is expected to increase by 16% in 2015, as in connection with the new pension reform, the Pension Fund is no longer responsible for paying the funded part of the pension, which will improve its financial position. In 2016-2017 a further increase in the income of the Pension Fund is planned, but the growth rate is lower than in 2015.

Rice. 2. Growth rate of the Fund's income in 2011–2017

It is also important to analyze the deviation of the approved budgets from their actual implementation. In 2011-2013 the actual data slightly exceeds the figures on paper, but in 2014 the budget received less funds than planned (table 1).

Table 1. Budget revenues of the Pension Fund (billion rubles)

Based on the analysis of the formation of the Pension Fund, the following conclusions follow. Firstly, in 2012-2013 the income of the Pension Fund grew steadily, which is associated with an increase in the amount of insurance premiums, and in 2014 income decreased due to reasons related to the pension reform of 2015, as well as a decrease in gratuitous receipts. Secondly, in 2015-2017. Pension Fund income is projected to rise on expectations that the 2015 pension reform will show positive results.

The next step of the study is to analyze the spending of the Pension Fund. In 2012, the Fund's expenses amounted to 5.451 trillion. rub., in 2013 - 6.378 trillion. rub., in 2014 - 6.190 trillion. rub. . The largest share of the Fund's expenses falls on the implementation of social policy (98%). The largest share in the cost of implementing social policy is the cost of pensions (more than 80%). The next place in the structure of the cost of implementing social policy is social Security population (6-7%).

In 2014, the Pension Fund ensured the implementation of all measures to increase the level of pension provision. Pensions were increased for about 41.5 million pensioners. In general, in 2014 pensions increased by 8.6%. In 2014, 5.4 trillion rubles were allocated for pension provision. rubles, which is 161.6 billion rubles more than in 2013. Maternal (family) capital for 2014 is set with an increase of 5% in the amount of 429,408.5 rubles. Expenditure on the accumulative component of the Pension Fund's budget for 2014 amounted to 22.1 billion rubles (in 2013 - 391.7 billion rubles) . Thus, during 2011-2013. expenses increased, in 2014, on the contrary, they decreased. According to forecasts, in 2015-2017. an increase in costs is expected (Figure 3).

Rice. 3. Dynamics of the Pension Fund's expenses in 2010 - 2017

In 2011, expenses increased by 15.8%, in 2012 - by 10.8%, in 2013 - by 17%. This is explained by a similar situation as with the income of the Pension Fund (Fig. 4). In connection with inflation, the subsistence level of a pensioner also increases, which leads to an increase in the size of pensions on average across the country. Accordingly, costs are rising. In 2014, the Pension Fund's expenses decreased by 3% due to a sharp reduction in expenses for the accumulative component of the Pension Fund's budget during this period. Expenditures are projected to increase by 25.5% in 2015 as the Pension Fund continues to improve pension provision in 2015. The amount of insurance pensions will be calculated according to the new pension formula, in connection with which the average annual insurance pension in 2015 will be at least 11,970 rubles, which corresponds to 167.2% of the pensioner's subsistence minimum. It is predicted that during 2015 the number of pensioners receiving pensions through the Pension Fund will increase by more than 600 thousand people - from 42.1 million people to 42.7 million people. In 2016-2017 a decrease in the growth rate of expenses is forecasted: in 2016 - an increase of 0.42%, in 2017 - an increase of 5.14% (Fig. 4).

Rice. 4. Growth rate of the Fund's expenses in 2011 - 2017

The next step in the analysis is to compare the approved budgets and their actual execution. In 2011-2013 actual expenses are higher than those approved by the law, but already in 2014 the situation changes to the opposite (Table 2).

Table 2. Budget expenditures of the Pension Fund (billion rubles)

Based on the analysis of the spending of the Pension Fund, the following conclusions follow. During 2010–2013 the expenses of the Pension Fund increased, which was associated with an increase in the level of the subsistence minimum for a pensioner, and, consequently, with an increase in the size of the average labor pension in the country. In 2014, the expenses of the Pension Fund decreased, as the expenses on the accumulative component of the budget of the Pension Fund decreased during this period. According to forecasts, in 2015-2017. Pension Fund spending will increase as activities to improve pension provision continue.

An analysis of the formation and spending of budget funds allows us to draw a conclusion about the financial stability of the Pension Fund. One of the significant problems of the Pension Fund is the budget deficit. Period 2011-2012 was characterized by a budget surplus, but in 2013 it sharply decreased from 439.14 billion rubles. up to 9.84 billion rubles. In 2014, the Fund faced a deficit of 31.06 billion rubles. The approved budget for 2015 shows a dangerous picture with a budget deficit of - 622.98 billion rubles. (Fig. 5). Such a difference in expenses and incomes is due to the temporary placement of pension savings in the Pension Fund, which, if non-state pension funds enter the system of guaranteeing the safety of pension savings, will be transferred to the appropriate non-state funds. According to forecasts, in 2016-2017. the situation is stabilizing.

Rice. 5. Deficit/surplus of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation

The current situation shows that the country's pension system needs effective reform. The pension reform of 2002 did not lead to positive results. At the moment, a large-scale reform is being carried out in 2015, providing responsibility to citizens in the formation of their future pension, namely the choice to form a funded pension or refuse it. In Russia, only a small percentage of the population has transferred their funds from the Pension Fund to non-state pension funds. Most of them remained silent and did not express their desire to form an individual funded pension.

At the legislative level, various measures are being discussed to solve the problems of the pension system. The Ministry of Finance proposes to gradually increase the retirement age for men and women up to 63 years. In developed countries, a high retirement age is compensated by high economic development, high quality of life, developed infrastructure, and fairly good security for citizens. In Russia, the economy is in decline, low competitiveness in the world market, low investment climate, economic instability, low standard of living, high poverty rate, poor infrastructure, low wages. In such an environment, raising the retirement age will not only not lead to a solution to the problem, but will defuse social tension even more.

The problems of the Pension Fund cannot be solved at the expense of pensioners. It is necessary to look for other ways to improve the financial stability of the Fund. One of the effective solutions is a radical expansion of opportunities for investing pension savings, including in foreign assets.

Today, the Pension Fund mainly invests in low-yield government bonds. To obtain a higher income, there is an option to invest the Fund's funds in the shares of Russian highly profitable companies and foreign companies.

The analysis carried out confirmed the imperfections of the Pension Fund, its dependence on the federal budget and weak financial stability. The reform of the pension system continues in Russia. Despite the fact that the 2015 reform is well thought out and calculated, it will not have a positive effect until the demographic problem and the problem of the population's passivity are resolved.

The weak financial stability of the Pension Fund is connected not only with the unfinished strategy of the Pension Fund. The reasons for instability lie in the insufficient economic development of the country, in the weak control by the state in the formation of the Fund's resources, in the unfinished regulatory framework for pensions, as well as in the demographic situation and the passive mentality of the country's citizens.

Bibliography

1. Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated July 30, 2013 No. 255-FZ "On the execution of the budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for 2012" // Reference and legal system "Garant". - M.: NPP "Garant-service", 2015.
2. Federal Law of October 14, 2014 No. 298-FZ "On the execution of the budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for 2013" // Reference legal system "Garant". - M.: NPP "Garant-service", 2015.
3. Federal Law of October 5, 2015 No. 279-FZ "On the execution of the budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for 2014" // Reference and legal system "Garant". - M.: NPP "Garant-service", 2015.
4. The Ministry of Labor for the first time publicly discussed the increase in the retirement age/Finance/News Newsru.com. - May 22, 2015. - Access mode: http://www.newsru.com/finance/22may2015/pensvozrast.html
5. Inozemtsev V. Why it is not worth raising the retirement age / Economics / RosBusinessConsulting. March 10, 2015. Access mode: http://www.rbc.ru/opinions/economics/10/03/2015/54fd44189a7947cadb3d4c62
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8. At a meeting of the Government of Russia, the implementation of the budget of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for 2014 /Pension Fund of the Russian Federation was approved. - May 14, 2015. - Access mode: http://www.pfrf.ru/press_center/~2015/05/14/90519
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The total amount of income that, based on the results of 2016, the Pension Fund of Russia received from the temporary placement of pension savings on deposits amounted to 2.97 billion rubles, with an average weighted yield of placement at the level of 10.58% per annum. At the same time, inflation in Russia at the end of 2016 amounted to 5.4%.

For comparison: the profitability of the state management company Vnesheconombank accounted for 10.6%, private management companies - 13.9%. The yield for 2016 on non-state pension funds (NPF) is not currently published on the website of the Bank of Russia.

Recall that, according to the law, the PFR has the right to invest (temporarily place) insurance premiums for the formation of pension savings in the system of mandatory pension insurance until they are transferred to management companies and NPFs in assets permitted by law.

PFR income in the amount of 2.97 billion rubles was formed from the following components. Income from the placement of funds of the reserve for compulsory pension insurance (ROPS) - 1.4 billion rubles, income from the placement of current funds of insurance premiums, as well as additional insurance premiums and employer contributions - 1.57 billion rubles.

In total, in 2016, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation held 17 deposit auctions (of which 10 on the site of PJSC Moscow Exchange MICEX-RTS and 7 on the trading floor of JSC St. Petersburg Currency Exchange), as a result of which 38 deposit agreements were concluded. The turnover on funds placed by the PFR amounted to more than 300 billion rubles. Rates on placed deposits ranged from 9.61% to 11.75% per annum.