What payments are made by social security. Social benefits - what is it, types of benefits. What are state social payments and benefits, and in what situations are they assigned

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To equalize the financial situation in the Russian Federation, assistance is provided to certain groups of citizens in the form of social benefits.

Social benefits- part of the state policy of payments from state and non-budgetary funds as a supplement to the income of those in need targeted assistance citizens upon the occurrence of cases recognized as socially significant.

Benefits for compulsory social insurance are a component of the system of state benefits.

The structure of benefits for compulsory state insurance according to the main purpose or principle “right - social benefit” can be represented as follows:

• On the grounds of addressing;
• By the duration (frequency) of payments (one-time payments, monthly accruals, annual payments);
• By group of recipients (benefits for children, unemployment, children of military personnel, etc.).

Let's present the types of mandatory social insurance benefits in the table.

The procedure for receiving social benefits

Welcome to website. In the article we will tell you what applies to social benefits due to citizens of Russia. Not every person can independently provide for his life for many reasons. The state provides material support to such citizens.

In accordance with the new indexation system for benefits to various categories of citizens, social payments in 2020 will be revised. As a result there will be a hanging of the sums of all payments to the population.

Not everyone knows what is included in social payments, they are compensations and benefits that various categories of citizens receive. Financing of these payments is made both from the federal budget and from regional budgets.

The appointment of such payments may be made due to the inability to earn a living on their own or if there is a shortage of money to cover various expenses. All payments are made at the legislative level and are free of charge.

The payment of these benefits to a person or members of his family is made directly and has a number of distinctive features:

• Appointment and payment is made only by state organizations.
• The allocation of money for benefits is carried out from the regional or federal budget, as well as on the basis of co-financing.
• Paid once or continuously.
• The amount of the benefit may be set by law or based on the recipient's income.
• The nature of the target benefits.
• The payment is made on the basis of the citizen's need, if it is absent, then the payment stops.

Certain factors play an important role in assigning these social benefits:

• Health status (sick leave and temporary disability due to illness or injury, purchase of medicines, etc.).
• Life circumstances (pregnancy and child care).
• Features of housekeeping, that is, the solution of the issue of housing.
• Changes in social status (retirement, dismissal from work or the birth of a baby).

Who is eligible for social benefits?

All payments of a social nature, which are appointed by the government, are intended for citizens of specific categories. The law is the same for each region, so local authorities cannot cancel them for various reasons. Federal beneficiaries are:

• Lone Citizens retirement age who have completed their careers.
• Families with many children, if the children have not reached the age of 18 or 23 when studying full-time.
• Disabled people.
• Disabled children.
• Children who are brought up in incomplete families.
• Orphans and children who have not reached the age of 18 and are left without parents.
• Children whose parents or both parents are retired or disabled.
• Parents who are in full-time education.
• Citizens who have titles, awards and certificates.
• Pregnant women and those on parental leave.
• Parents with disabled children.
• Citizens caring for a disabled person of the 1st group.
• Able-bodied citizens who were fired during the reduction.

How payments are classified in 2020

The law spells out what applies to social payments and how they are classified. State payments are divided into two main types:

• federal payments. They are appointed under certain conditions, which are specified in the relevant regulatory legal acts, and the relevant departments allocate funds for them. The categories of privileged citizens are the same for each region, regardless of the place in which they live. The amount of these subsidies is also the same for all citizens. They provide additional benefits to the basic payments or at the time of obtaining a new status.
• Regional payments. The assignment and payment of these benefits is carried out directly in each region. The amount of such payments depends entirely on the capabilities of the region, and they are regulated only by the local administration. Distinctive feature such payments is that they are not mandatory for each region. These payments can be paid to the employee by the employer, but these benefits to the employer are still compensated from the local budget.

Also, social payments are divided according to the target area into two types:

1. Payments that can fully or partially replace lost income. They are provided in the form of social security. Such insured events include work-related injuries, diseases, pregnancy and newborn care. The amount of these payments depends entirely on wages the applicant.
2. Payments that are provided in the form of material support to the population. They have a fixed amount and do not depend on the applicant's salary. Benefits are paid to both insured persons and those who do not have insurance. Examples of these payments are childbirth allowance or funeral allowance.

Social payments are also divided into citizens who have the right to receive them:

• For all citizens. For example, payment at the birth of a baby.
• For working citizens. For example, sick leave for temporary disability and maternity benefits.

These two types of benefits are financed from different organizations, that is, from the budget and through social insurance.

Social payments are also divided by the duration of payments, that is:

• Lump sum payments - benefits for working women who are registered with early pregnancy, allowance for the conscript's pregnant wife, and others.
• Monthly payments - for unemployment, until the child reaches the age of 1.5 years.
• Periodic payments - in case of temporary disability, prenatal leave and others.

What are government benefits

In Russia there are different kinds social benefits paid by the state. These payments include:

1. Unemployment. This allowance is received by citizens who are registered with the labor exchange. The amount of benefits is determined on an individual basis. The allowance is paid temporarily and is due to citizens who are looking for work.
2. For temporary disability. Payment occurs after the presentation of the sick leave. The amount depends on the salary of the employee. The payment is made only if the enterprise makes contributions for the employee to the FSS.
3. On pregnancy and childbirth. The payment is made to every woman, regardless of whether the woman is employed. It is also applicable to adoptive parents of a child under the age of three months.
4. At the birth of a child. Can be received by one of the parents who is officially employed. The payment is made from the federal budget.
5. Single mothers. Payment is made only if the father is not indicated on the child's birth certificate. The size for working women depends on wages, for non-working women on the minimum wage.
6. For burial. This payment is made to the relatives of the deceased, to compensate for the costs of the funeral. In some regions, additional surcharges may be made to the amount established at the federal level.
7. By disability. It is paid to all disabled people, and the amount of the benefit depends entirely on the group assigned to the disabled person.
8. Low-income families. It is due to all citizens whose average per capita income is below the subsistence level in the region.

On changes in some social benefits from the beginning of 2020

The draft budget for 2020 was approved back in November last year, in accordance with this draft, the first social benefits have been indexed since January 1.

The authorities in the regions are also taking all measures to provide financial support to needy categories of citizens, so the increase in payments will occur both at the federal and regional levels. The amount of such increases will depend entirely on the capacity of regional budgets.

Most of the citizens of retirement age were pleased with the news about the increase in pensions. Indexing this year did not take place in February, as it always did, but from January 1. This decision was made to increase the income of the population at the end of the year.

In the country, indexation is completely dependent on inflation, and pensions will increase by 3.7% in accordance with this. But the increase in pensions will be only for those citizens who have stopped working.

An additional increase will be in April, there will be an indexation of social pensions by 4.1%. These increases will be for citizens receiving disability and survivor benefits. Social pensions are supposed to be received by citizens who have reached a certain age, that is, 60 years for a woman and 65 years for a man, but they do not have the required amount seniority and for representatives of small peoples of the Far North.

When calculating specific payments, we use minimum size wages. Calculating this value is a very complicated process, since it is calculated using past inflation data, the cost of living, the economy, the number of unemployed citizens and other factors. In January 2020, there will be an increase in the minimum wage, the total amount will be 12,300 rubles.

With the increase in the minimum wage, several types of benefits will be increased:

• A one-time allowance for the birth of a child, its amount will be 18,143.96 rubles, it must be issued in the first 6 months of a child's life.
• Maternity payments for the first child will amount to 4512 rubles, and for the second and subsequent children 6284.65 rubles.

One-time allowance at the birth of a child

Regardless of which child is born in the family, the first, second or subsequent, the state provides social benefits for children in 2020. One of these benefits is a one-time payment at the birth of a child. It can be received by one of the parents of the baby until he reaches the age of 6 months.

The amount of this allowance is the same for both the working population and unemployed citizens. Payments are made for working citizens from the FSS, and for non-working persons from the social protection authorities. The amount of the payment is 17328.89 rubles, this amount is set after indexation from February 2020 at 1.034%.

If one or both parents work, the payment is made at the place of work of the parent. Only parents who are not working or studying can apply for social security benefits.

The payment procedure is much easier if the child has only one legal parent. That is, if a single mother or father, whose mother died or was deprived of parental rights, and he is engaged in upbringing. In this situation, during registration, additional provision of a certificate stating that the second parent does not receive this payment is not required.

All other lump-sum benefits can only be received by a woman, since most of them are issued before the birth of the baby, including maternity benefits, which are due only to working mothers and they are issued at the 28th or 30th week of pregnancy.

Additional payment to maternity leave becomes a one-time allowance for early registration in the antenatal clinic, the amount of the allowance, taking into account indexation, is 649.84 rubles. To receive this payment, you must simultaneously submit a certificate from the doctor of the antenatal clinic, which will confirm early registration, along with the submission of the sick leave.

If a woman does not work, then she is not entitled to this additional payment to the childbirth allowance.

Also, in each region, additional payments are provided at the birth of a baby from the social protection of the population. The size and conditions of these payments are completely dependent on the possibilities of the budget and local regulations. So, for example, in Moscow, at the birth of a second and subsequent children to parents who have not reached the age of 30, a lump sum payment of more than 100,000 rubles is provided for each baby.

Payments for child care up to 1.5 years

Except lump sums, the law provides for social benefits for children under the age of 1.5 years. This allowance is the second mandatory allowance. This allowance can be received by one of the parents, or other family members who care for a child up to the age of 1.5 years. It does not depend on the social status of the recipient or his employment.

For citizens who have an official place of work, the allowance is calculated based on wages, and is 40% of its average value for the last 2 years, but the amount cannot be lower than that established by law.

Non-working parents can receive only the amount that is established by law, the allowance is issued in the body of social protection of the population. The current allowance is:

• 4512 rubles at the birth of the first child.
• 6284.65 rubles at the birth of a second child and subsequent children.

Parents or guardians of a child who work receive a higher amount of this benefit, but only if their income for the last two years exceeds the average wage:

• When applying for benefits for the first baby - 7870.90 rubles (when applying for benefits after February 1, 2020).
• When applying for benefits for the second and subsequent children - 15,741.77 rubles (when making payments after February 1, 2020).

Since the average salary is less than the minimum wage in the country. Then the amount of the benefit will be calculated in accordance with the size of the minimum wage, then the amount of the benefit will correspond to the minimum amount of benefits in the country.

Working recipients can count not only on the minimum amount of benefits, but also on the maximum amount. This amount of payments depends entirely on the size of the insurance base for the last two years.

Benefits for a second child

At the birth of a second child, the same list of benefits is paid as at the birth of the first baby, that is, a lump sum social payment at birth and an allowance up to 1.5 years. The amount of benefits does not change, except for benefits up to 1.5 years, it increases and amounts to 6284.65 rubles. This allowance is mandatory and is paid to both working citizens and applicants who are not working.

At the birth of a second child, parents receive a certificate of maternity capital.

It is also worth knowing that at the birth of a second child, a family can receive the status of a low-income family. Since the family income is divided by each member and, accordingly, decreases by 25% -30%, as a result, the average per capita income of each family member may be lower than the subsistence minimum per person, which is established in the region.

This status gives parents the right to receive additional benefits, which are appointed by the regional authorities. Their registration and payment is made through social protection only to poor citizens, that is, according to the criterion of need.

About maternity capital in 2020

In addition to the fact that social payments are made from the regions to low-income families, at the birth of a second baby, parents receive maternity capital. In 2020, the amount of maternity capital is 466,617 rubles.

Many families are afraid that due to annual inflation, the purchasing power of this certificate may fall dramatically. But it is worth remembering that inflation affects only the cost of the consumer basket, and capital cannot pay for simple goods in the store.

The capital can be used only in those areas that are established by law, as a result, the certificate is less sensitive to price increases. As a rule, about 90% of the holders of this certificate send it to improve their living conditions. Housing prices fell sharply during the crisis, and the increase is now occurring at a moderate pace.

With all this, the popularity of the certificate did not fall, but rather increased greatly, as there was a significant decrease in mortgage rates. Now, if housing is purchased under a mortgage program, and the certificate is used as a down payment, then the amount of such a contribution becomes very significant, since along with lowering mortgage rates, the amount of overpayment for this loan has also decreased.

In accordance with the statistics, it becomes clear that more than half of the apartments in the country were purchased under a mortgage program, and 40% of such transactions were carried out using maternity capital. The age of borrowers has greatly decreased, by 14 years, that is, young families who do not have their own apartments, but have a stable income and two children, acquire housing.

As a result, the freezing of capital indexation is logical, since the financial sector in the country has greatly stabilized and the owners of this capital have great opportunities to purchase apartments, while receiving minimal overpayments.

About social payments in Moscow in 2020

Significant investments were made in the Moscow economy, which led to an increase in social benefits. According to the mayor of the capital, at the time of the meeting with the categories of citizens who are eligible to receive these payments, an increase in regional benefits will take place in 2020. In January there was an increase in standards, now the pension standard is 19,500 rubles. The head of the department of labor and social protection said that this increase will affect about 1.4 million pensioners.

For those families whose incomes are below the average subsistence level in the capital, in 2020 they will receive the following social payments:

• Single parents until the child reaches 3 years old - 15,000 rubles.
• For children under 3 years old, whose fathers are conscripts - 15,000 rubles.
• If a child under 3 is raised by one parent, and the second one evades paying alimony - 15,000 rubles.
• Other families with children under 3 years old - 10,000 rubles.
• For children aged 3 to 18 who are raised by a single parent - 6,000 rubles.
• For children aged 3 to 18 whose fathers are military service for urgent appeal - 6000 rubles.
• For children aged 3 to 18 who are raised by one parent and the other does not pay child support - 6,000 rubles.
• Other families with children aged 3 to 18 years - 4000 rubles.

In order to keep the demographic situation in the country in a positive trend, the state provides social benefits to large families in 2020. They are also provided with a number of certain benefits and additional payments. The capital also supports large families, and establish their amounts of payments to this category of citizens:

• Monthly allowance in the presence of 3 or 4 children - 1200 rubles.
• Monthly allowance if the family has 5 or more children - 1500 rubles.
• For the purchase of necessary goods in families with 5 or more children monthly allowance- 1800 rubles.

There is also a monthly allowance program for families with 10 or more children:

• Compensation - 1500 rubles.
• Assistance in purchasing goods - 1800 rubles.
• Mothers of many children who receive a pension - 20,000 rubles.

Compensation for payment of housing and communal services, which is paid every month:

• Families with 3 or 4 children - 1044 rubles.
• Families with 5 or more children - 2088 rubles.
• When using the phone - 250 rubles.

There is also an annual support for large families:

• For the purchase of necessary things for the school year - 10,000 rubles.
• Families with 10 or more children international day families - 20,000 rubles.
• Families with 10 or more children by the Day of Knowledge - 30,000 rubles.

In addition, in 2020 there will be an increase in payments to families in which children with disabilities are brought up. The Moscow government has set its own amounts, which do not depend on the disability group. As a result, a parent who brings up a child with a disability receives a monthly allowance until the child reaches the age of 23 in the amount of 12,000 rubles.

If a child is raised by disabled parents of group 1 or 2, then the monthly allowance is 12,000 rubles. Also in 2020, families with a disabled child are entitled to receive an annual allowance for the purchase of children's clothing for the duration of training in the amount of 10,000 rubles.

What payments are provided for pensioners

People who have stopped working and retired can only receive a pension from the state. Previously, pensioners were entitled to an annual payment of 5,000 rubles. But at the time of the economic crisis, indexation did not cover the growth of inflation and incomes of the population, so it was canceled and it is also not paid in 2020, since the past indexation turned out to be higher than inflation figures.

The number of pensioners who have a Moscow residence permit is increasing significantly. This is due to the amount of payments, which are much higher than in other regions. As a result, pensioners received a Moscow residence permit, but lived at their old addresses, receiving a Moscow pension.

As a result, the government of the capital carried out a gradation of the population, and divided pensioners into indigenous and non-indigenous residents. As a result, those pensioners who have been registered in the capital for less than 10 years are not indigenous people.

Social payments to pensioners in 2019 also received significant changes. Since 2019, indigenous people have been receiving an additional payment to their pension, which increases the payment to the social standard; such an increase is not made for other pensioners. The only exception was the pensioners of the new Moscow, after these areas became part of the capital, the inhabitants automatically became indigenous.

At the moment, all pensioners, regardless of the period of residence, receive additional payments that increase their pension to the subsistence minimum, which is set at 19,500 rubles.

Veterans benefits

In 2020, the compensation that is paid every month is 2000 rubles, the following categories are eligible for it:

• Disabled people and participants of the Second World War, as compensation for the purchase of the necessary goods that are included in the social set.
• Disabled people who were injured in the Second World War, but if they could not earn the necessary length of service to retire on a seniority basis.
• Disabled since childhood, who were injured during the Second World War.
• Women and women with disabilities who participated in the Second World War.
• Citizens who were awarded the badge "Honorary Donor" for donating blood during the Second World War.

Participants in the defense of Moscow each month receive 8,000 rubles. Rehabilitated citizens and citizens who suffered from repression are paid 2,000 rubles every month. Home front workers receive 1,500 rubles a month. The surcharge has also increased to 25,000 rubles for the following citizens:

• Heroes of Russia.
• Heroes of the Soviet Union.
• Heroes of Socialist Labor.
• Heroes of Labor of Russia.
• Full Knights of the Orders of Glory.
• Full Cavaliers of the Order of Labor Glory.

In addition, social payments to labor veterans are expected in 2020. Widows and widowers of heroes of the Soviet Union, full holders of the Orders of Glory and Orders of Labor of Glory, heroes of Socialist Labor and Heroes of Labor of Russia, only if they have not remarried, receive a monthly payment of 15,000 rubles. The same amount is paid to the parent of the deceased hero of Russia.

One-time social payments on the occasion of the wedding anniversary and centenarians of Moscow

There will also be an increase in social benefits in 2020 in certain cases, these include:

• Anniversary of 50 years - payment in the amount of 20,000 rubles.
• Anniversary of 55 years - payment in the amount of 25,000 rubles.
• Anniversary of 60 years - payment in the amount of 25,000 rubles.
• Anniversary of 65 years - payment in the amount of 30,000 rubles.
• Anniversary of 70 years - payment in the amount of 30,000 rubles.
• Long-livers of Moscow who are 101 years old are paid 15,000 rubles.

One-time allowances to people's and honored artists of Moscow

Not everyone knows what payments are still available. For residents of Moscow who were awarded the honorary title "Honorary Citizen of the City of Moscow", the monthly allowance for this case will almost triple, and the amount of payment will be about 50,000 rubles.

Also, certain social benefits are due to some categories of artists. This monthly allowance is new, its amount is 30,000 rubles. Citizens who have reached retirement age and have been awarded the following honorary titles are entitled to it:

• Honored Artist of the RSFSR.
• Honored Artist of the Russian Federation.
• People's Artist of the Russian Federation.
• People's Artist of the RSFSR.
• People's Artist of the USSR.

The increase in social payments in 2019 occurred in every region of the country. In those areas that provide the population with regional benefits. There was also an increase in the amounts paid to those categories of citizens who are entitled to these benefits. The indexation of social subsidies took place on a par with the increase in the subsistence minimum and the minimum wage. Now the amounts of some benefits are equal to the subsistence minimum in the regions.

Table of social benefits in Moscow

The Russian Federation is a social state, in accordance with which all material goods are redistributed according to the principle of social justice. The state regulates the economy, develops various social programs, improves social legislation in order to provide every citizen with equal starting conditions for later life and provide support to socially unprotected segments of the population.

• cash benefits to women and families in connection with pregnancy, childbirth, raising and caring for children;
• allowances for participants in hostilities, disabled people and war workers, families of military personnel;
• payments to citizens who were exposed to radiation as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant;
• payments to honorary citizens, donors;
• disability and unemployment benefits;
• scholarships, etc.

• lump-sum payments at birth, as well as payments to women who are registered for pregnancy in a antenatal clinic at an early stage;
• differentiated monthly allowance for childcare;
• payments to single mothers, parents with many children, etc.

In Russia, there are many categories of citizens who need material support. Especially for them there are various social payments. The types of these state benefits depend on the group that the person represents. Such payments are made at the expense of the federal budget of the country.

How are benefits awarded?

Some are designed to replace the earnings of persons that they have lost for good reasons. And others are financial support different groups population. The first category includes benefits for temporary disability, unemployment, etc., and the second - lump-sum social payments, the types of which depend on the intended purpose. In particular, this applies to allowances for the upbringing of children.

Main classification

Exist different types social benefits that are provided for citizens of the Russian Federation. Depending on the purpose and category of persons. They are one-time and regular.

Monthly social payments, the types of which depend on the recipients, are as follows:

• pensions;
• labor and social benefits;
• family funds;
• regional grants.

And if we talk about lump-sum social payments, their types are mainly aimed at supporting certain categories, in particular, this applies to young families and university graduates:

• maternal capital;
• payments for pregnant women and at the birth of a child;
• social benefits for specialists;
• regional programs and much more.

And this is not a complete list of social charges.

Pension

This type is produced by the state through special bodies, the funds in this case are allocated from a fund intended specifically for these payments.

Pensions in our country receive disabled citizens and their caregivers, as well as older people. depends on what salary they received during the performance of their labor activity. Therefore, for different people they are calculated differently.

The types and amounts of social payments, pensions in particular, depend not only on the earnings of citizens, but also on the type of activity. So, former military or workers internal organs can count on certain bonuses to basic benefits.

As for the size, the average insurance is about 13 thousand rubles, and if it was appointed by state security, then 8.5 thousand, respectively.

Labor and social benefits

The first type of payment is assigned to citizens who are in a relationship with the enterprise and for some reason have lost their ability to work for a while. Benefits of this type are financed by insurance companies. The amount of payments depends on the earnings of a citizen. This includes benefits for pregnant women and young mothers from enterprises, in addition to lump-sum and other income.

Social payments are also provided, their types and sizes depend on the category of the recipient, but they are not related to his labor activity. He may not work at all, but get them. All types of social of this kind are aimed at providing material support. Their sizes are fixed. For example, the monthly allowance for caring for the first child up to one and a half years in 2016 is just over 2,700 rubles, and for the second - about 5,400, respectively.

Social benefits are financed by state funds. They are appointed to disabled and non-working citizens who cannot count on labor pensions and other types of collateral. In addition to young mothers, they are received by disabled and incompetent citizens of different ages.

Family benefits

These types of social payments are intended to provide financial support to those families that incur additional expenses in connection with the upbringing of children and other cases. They can be assigned as additional assistance, regardless of other people's income. The amount is set depending on the minimum wage. Such benefits include pensions for disabled children, payments for single mothers, low-income and large families.

Benefits and in-kind assistance

Along with payments, there are other social programs for those who need them. These include benefits and benefits in kind.

And natural security is understood as the transfer of property or for temporary use of certain material values. For example, persons with disabilities may receive mobility aids or other comfort products.

Different types of social payments are coordinated both at the federal and regional levels.

Help for the unemployed

According to the relevant persons who, for one reason or another, are deprived of labor activity, but at the same time are capable, can count on such material compensation as:

• unemployment benefits;
• scholarship payments for vocational training, advanced training or retraining courses;
• payment for public works;
• reimbursement of expenses when moving to a new place, in connection with employment at the suggestion of the employment center.

Unemployment benefits are paid in the amount of 60 to 100 percent of earned funds, depending on the citizen's continuous work experience. However, it cannot exceed the amount per month, which is regulated at the legislative level.

Innovations - 2016

This year, the government of the Russian Federation and the State Duma adopted decisions aimed at saving federal and regional budgets and they relate directly to social security.

According to them, the circle of recipients of allowances and benefits has narrowed significantly, it is formed based on the principles of the need of a particular group. It was also decided not to index social payments, which was carried out regularly before that at the beginning of each year. They left only an increase by the amount of actual inflation - 2015, it has been in effect since February.

Child benefits

These payments, as mentioned earlier, are monthly and lump sum.

As of this year, one-time financial assistance for a newborn is a little less than 15 thousand rubles. If there are two or three kids, then the amount is multiplied by the number of children.

To receive a payment, the mother is obliged to apply at the place of work, and if she did not have it, then to the social protection authority.

A similar amount is received from the state by foster parents who take a foster child as a dependent. It is much higher if several children are taken into care, who are related to each other or babies with certain disabilities.

In addition to the lump-sum payment, parents receive an allowance until the child is 1.5 years old. With repeated replenishment, the family receives a certificate for maternity capital, worth 450 thousand rubles. It can be invested in real estate, education or a funded pension.

The types of state social payments in Russia are quite diverse, it all depends on the citizens, the category (pensioner, disabled person, young mother, etc.), as well as the region of residence.