Why should children be taught to work at an early age? Municipal educational institution "Glebovskaya basic school" of the Yaroslavl municipal district

Why should children be taught to work with early years?

Feasible work is necessary, as it contributes to the comprehensive development of the child. Labor requires physical exertion from the child and helps to increase endurance, strengthen the child's body.
Labor is always connected with the work of thought, imagination. When doing work, the child thinks about what and how to do it, what tools and what materials to use.
By systematically fulfilling feasible labor duties, the child tempers his will, he develops the ability to bring things to the end; perseverance, responsibility, initiative. And these qualities are necessary for a person in any activity.
Spending effort on his own, the child begins to respect the work of other people.
Participating to the extent possible in the household chores of the family, the child learns to take care of his parents, brothers and sisters.

Parents should support the desire of the child to help with household chores. An important role is played by adults' assessment of the results of child labor. First of all, the effort of the child, the desire to do the assigned work well deserves praise.

It is unacceptable to punish with labor: "for the fact that you littered, now you will clean everything yourself." It is necessary to educate in the child the ability to patiently and without whimpering do unpleasant work. If the child does not have a desire to work, you can use the request method. It must be pronounced in such a way that it seems to the child that he is fulfilling the request of his own free will.

If from childhood you teach your child to work, teach him to see the need to work himself, encourage the child’s personal initiative, there is no doubt that your child will grow up to be an independent, hardy, responsible, hardworking person who will be able to take care of his parents in the future.

Speaking about the main thing that was the essence of labor, it should be emphasized that it was never reduced to a set of actions or skills, but was considered as a manifestation of spiritual life, and diligence was a characteristic expression of spirituality. Very rightly said by the Russian teacher V.A. Sukhomlinsky that "the attitude to work is essential element spiritual life of man. It would be insufficient and naive to say that industriousness is brought up in the process of labor. Diligence as the most important feature of moral character is also brought up in the process of spiritual life - intellectual, emotional and strong-willed. A person who thinks little, worries little cannot be a hardworking person.

Diligence, conscientiousness, diligence, which we note in our ancestors, were not just born in the process of performing labor functions (although this is also important), but was the result of their rich spiritual and moral life.
O. Platonov

Work, work, duties - it would seem, what relation do these “adult concepts” have to children? It turns out to be the most direct. The early development of children will be incomplete if it does not include a program of diligence, which is important for the formation of personality. Skills and skills will be acquired over time, it is important that they "fall on fertile ground." Do not forget - everything that is laid down in childhood remains for life. And children receive their first labor skills in the family, and domestic work is the very starting point on which the future path of life will depend: career success and the comfort of personal existence.

Child development: first work skills

Many believe that it makes sense to accustom a child to work and housework from the age of five, when he can already meaningfully cope with elementary responsibilities - to serve himself and withstand additional physical activity. This is a big misconception. The desire to prolong a carefree childhood can only harm the full development of the child. There is no exact date and age when it is necessary to start accustoming a child to housework. On the one hand, we can say that it is never too late to do this, on the other hand, as soon as the child has learned to walk and talk, he can already be given easy tasks around the house, which will gradually accustom him to work in every sense of the word. With a small caveat - the early development of children involves tasks that must correspond to the age and capabilities of the child. So we can say that the development of the child, expressed in his labor successes, can begin from early childhood.

At this age, all success begins with imitation. A one and a half year old child with pleasure repeats their actions after their parents when they work on the housework. Let him do it clumsily, dropping and spilling everything. On the part of parents, it is important to respond correctly to these actions, and not to discourage the child from “working around the house”. It is necessary to choose for him those types of work that will be of interest to him, will be within his power and cause the least damage to the home environment.

You can, for example, give a child a napkin and ask him to wipe a wet spot from the floor, carefully arrange his shoes in the hallway, and put toys on the shelf. Of course, you first need to show how to do it. Own example should be present at the stage of early development of children constantly. While parents and children are inseparable in mastering the latest basics of domestic work, do not forget where to praise, where to play along with the child. And by all means try to turn his small duties into a constant and exciting game. A good start is very important.

An adult in this case acts in two roles at once - as a mentor and as an educator who sets a personal example in the performance of all his tasks. The first postulate can be deduced - "a child trusts his parents, and if they instructed him to do something, then he must and can do it." Moreover, everything will have to be done together, and doing it together is always more interesting than following instructions from the outside.

At first, mastering these simple skills can hardly be called duties, the goal is apparently different - to make the child feel needed and useful.

Children: 3 to 5 years old

What can a child at this age do around the house?

First, he can help adults with their adult household chores. For example, there are children who love to mess around with water. They can be given a bowl of warm water, with which they will reproduce the actions of adults at their "simple" level - wash dishes, fruits and vegetables, wash handkerchiefs and clothes for dolls.

And there are children who love to fold, shift, stack everything. Such can be connected to the sorting of linen before washing, and asked to separate it into light and dark, folding it into different piles. Then you can put the laundry together in washing machine. Along the way, you can familiarize the child with the "necessary" buttons and the sequence of their activation. You can connect the child to fold the laundry after washing before putting it in the closet. At the same time, accompany with a game commentary “guess whose thing this is”.

More mobile children can be included in the process of sweeping floors, cleaning carpets. In this case, it is worth purchasing "children's equipment" in the form of a small scoop and brush. A small watering can is also useful for watering flowers. Children usually enjoy these activities. Early childhood development involves a scenario for the development of children, which is laid by parents.

An already grown-up child at 4-5 years old can get bored with everyday homework because of its monotony. Your job is to keep his attention. You can come up with amusing stories every time and, thereby, switch his attention. It is even better to gradually expand the scope of his duties and admit to something more serious. The development of the child implies the accumulation of experience of a domestic nature.

For example, you can start to jointly master household appliances - a vacuum cleaner, microwave, TV, dishwasher. Instruct to clean food in the refrigerator, vacuum the carpet, put dishes in the sink or dishwasher, unpack and sort purchases.

At the same age, you can connect children to cooking, use cutlery, teach how to make elementary sandwiches from toast with cheese and meat products. By the age of five, a child should know how to put things in order in his room, what should be the sequence of actions, and what objects should be placed in which places.

It's time to instill the concept of order and explain that if you immediately put all things in their places, then there will be no mess in the house and it will take a few minutes to clean up. The second postulate is that it is easier to maintain order than to arrange a general cleaning every time.

Thus, housework will not only become part of the responsibilities, but will also become an integral part of general development child.

Results of working childhood

With such training, already at 6-8 years old, a child can become a full-fledged assistant in the house. For example, his duties will include mopping, dusting, washing dishes, washing clothes in a typewriter, heating food in a microwave. You can already instruct to vacuum not only carpets, but also upholstered furniture, wash tiles in the bathroom and kitchen, wipe mirrors and shelves.

The main thing is to diversify everyday work around the house and alternate classes. Again, any action should be started together and gradually brought to self-fulfillment from the side of the child. You can, for example, go shopping with your child, and then teach him to do it on his own, sending him to buy something little by little.

The third postulate of the development of the child during this period is no criticism. Exceptionally wishes along with explanations in an unobtrusive and easy way.

Introducing children to ordinary household work, we lay in them certain character traits. A few key tips can help introduce your child to housework.

So, what should be present in introducing children to domestic work, and what should not be:

Every action you teach your child should have a motivation. It should be spoken, beaten, discussed.
The child must work around the house regularly - otherwise there will be no result.
Any moment of training should not be intrusive, just as one should not make punishment out of housework, otherwise it will move from the category of duties to the category of duty.
Do not push the child if he does everything “thoughtfully and with arrangement”, and at first also clumsily. Everyone has their own temperament. More calm will suit unhurried work in one place, and more mobile ones will prefer to rush around the apartment, move and rearrange objects, bring and remove them.
Do not forget to praise the children for the work they have done.
It is possible to introduce a reward system as a motivation, but in no case should a child be accustomed to it, otherwise he will develop a stereotype of material benefits from his own actions and actions, which is unlikely to help in education.
Mistakes are inevitable in any job. Do not rush to immediately correct the shortcomings made by the child. It is better to explain what is done wrong, and ask him to redo it himself.
Immediately teach to do everything conscientiously and efficiently, but do not accompany the child's actions with lectures and teachings. Better compose a fairy tale like "Fedorino's grief" by Korney Chukovsky, which will give the concept of both cleanliness and order.
Teach your child not to give up one thing and take on another. Every job must be done from start to finish.
Most The best way to show that any work is important and necessary is to connect the child to the process. Arranged a cleaning of the kitchen - allocate him a small area with a front of work. Working together is more fun and learning is easier.
Help with cleaning around the house should be at the right time and place. You should not tear the baby away from important activities, it is better to allocate separate time for housework, warning the child about this in advance.
Today, the "children's schedule" is very busy. In addition to preparatory and school classes in educational institutions, it includes visiting circles, sections, etc. Do not exclude the child from the schedule under the guise of overloading housework. Just think over the child’s work schedule and distribute all types of his activities evenly in it.

Activities for children in perspective

Labor activity in early development children is quite diverse, it is conditionally possible to distinguish certain types of domestic work. There is domestic work, aimed at maintaining the household, there is care for oneself and for other family members, separate view labor - caring for plants and pets. Each species has its own characteristics, but they all serve the same purpose - cleanliness and order.

Starting from the smallest, from the basics of self-care, you can follow the result of those skills that were laid down in childhood. It turns out that such concepts as cleanliness, representativeness, the ability to look spectacular are directly related to the trivial tying of shoelaces and buttoning, with the selection of clothes and shoes.

Cleaning around the house, the sequence and order of actions can become a prerequisite for good organizational skills in the future. A child accustomed to order will eventually acquire such a valuable quality as punctuality. The skills of household work will help to gain independence and independence not only in self-service, but also in views and judgments. The child will not have everyday problems and he will become a jack of all trades, if in childhood he was taught to all types of labor activity and did not divide homework into “female” and “male”.

By the way, such simple actions as “bring”, “serve”, “cook” are quite capable of expressing concern for parents and younger ones, from childhood to adulthood.

Housework is valuable, and gives the child the skill set, without which it will be difficult to live life.

Advice for educators.

Prepared by: teacher

Golovko Elena Nikolaevna

Dear colleagues!

I present to your attention advice on the topic:

“Labor education. How to introduce a child to work?

“Labor becomes a great educator when it enters the life of pupils, gives the joy of friendship and camaraderie, develops inquisitiveness and curiosity, gives birth to new beauty in the world, awakens the first civic feeling - the feeling of the creator of material wealth, without which human life is impossible.”

V.A. Sukhomlinsky

In accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard, labor education is one of the important areas in the work preschool institutions, the main goal of which is the formation of a positive attitude towards work through the solution of the following tasks:

Formation of positive attitudes towards various types of work and creativity;

Education of a value attitude to one's own work, the work of other people and its results;

Education of the personality of the child in the aspect of labor and creativity;

The development of creative initiative, the ability to independently realize themselves in various types of work and creativity.

Work in the life of every person and in the life of society is of decisive importance.

From how a person relates to work, how he knows how to work, his fate largely depends. Folk art speaks vividly and figuratively about this: proverbs, sayings, fairy tales. Much attention is paid to labor education in folk pedagogy. About the importance labor education many philosophical, psychological and pedagogical works. In the history of upbringing and education of society, unique systems have been created, based on labor education.

Emphasizing the role of labor education, K. D. Ushinsky wrote: “The possibility of labor and love for it is the best legacy that both the poor and the rich can leave to their children.”

At an early age, the labor activity of the child is closely connected with games. Children of primary preschool age do not yet realize why they want to help adults. The kid early begins to pay attention to the labor activities of an adult. He is attracted to how his mother washes the dishes, how his father repairs a chair, how his grandmother bakes pies, etc. The child begins to imitate adults in these actions, not only in the game, but also in real life, making attempts to wash, sweep, wash, etc. Toddlers, as a rule, do simple work, imitating their elders, especially if the latter reasonably organize and encourage such work. The child likes assignments, the execution of which contains elements of the game or delivers aesthetic pleasure. For adults, there is an opportunity to instill in the child an understanding of the need for work, its benefits. However, it would be wrong to turn work into a game in all cases.

- household work: self-service, care of the premises and things, assistance to adults in cooking;

- labor "in nature": growing indoor plants, sowing and planting in a flower garden, in a vegetable garden, in a garden, caring for pets;

- manual labor(with construction elements): production of toys and simple manuals from paper, cardboard, natural material, woodwork.

Conditions must be created for child labor. Special time should be set aside for employment, make sure that children have equipment appropriate for their age, strength and capabilities (shovels, rakes, watering cans, scissors, etc.). It is impossible to force a child to do work that is beyond his strength and does not correspond to his knowledge and training, which, of course, will not give good results, or work that oppresses children with monotony, tedious actions. This will only cause negative emotions and may turn the child away from work. Only then will children love work if it is accompanied by an optimistic mood, if both the labor process itself and its results are pleasing. This largely depends on the ability of parents to encourage the child in time, to help if he is experiencing difficulties, to offer to try again if it is clear that the child has not made the necessary efforts.

Children love preparing for the holidays. If you start pre-holiday cleaning of the room, consider the possible participation of the child in it. Already 3-4-year-old children can wipe their toys, shelf and table with a damp cloth, wash the windowsill. Older children are entrusted with more complex tasks: to put things in order in a corner of nature, on shelves, in a corner of musical education.

The kid with pleasure feeds and waters birds, animals; helping adults, weeds a garden bed or a flower bed. Here you can play with the sand, stroke or touch the bird, watch it. But at the same time, the child learns that if the garden bed or flower bed is not weeded in time, the weeds will drown out the cultivated plants; if you do not feed and water animals and birds at the right time, they will suffer, remind people of themselves.

The child gradually develops a positive attitude not only to those types of labor that are associated with play and aesthetic pleasure, but also to those that are not so entertaining, but necessary, that is, there is an awareness of the importance of any type of labor activity. The activities of adults serve as role models for children, as evidenced by their games. Children enthusiastically play "hospital", "shop", "construction", conveying not only labor activities, but also the relationship between people, their attitude to work. The game for children is a way of learning and, finally, it is an introduction to life, even, if you like, the beginning of career guidance. And very timely. After all, the impressions of childhood are the strongest.

On the basis of these primary generalizations, it is possible to form more complex ideas that different types of labor can provide for different needs of people. From here, a more complex generalization is possible: work is a manifestation of people's concern for each other . Mastering such a generalization by children makes it possible, in subsequent work, for each the new kind to consider the activities of adults from these positions and to educate the correct attitude towards work and towards the people performing it. This is a high level of generalization, and it is available only to children of older preschool age, provided that all previous ideas are formed in the younger and middle preschool age.

A child at preschool age should be led to understand the need to do the kind of work that other people need. The labor activities of the child should take place in an atmosphere of attention, love, and moral support from adults. The desire of the child to carry out the assignment well must be approved by the parents, evoke positive emotions in the child. Under these conditions, true industriousness is brought up.

Exemplary general education program preschool education"Birth to School"

Edited by N. E. Veraksa, T. S. Komarova, M. A. Vasilyeva

Educational area

"SOCIO-COMMUNICATIONAL DEVELOPMENT"

Second group early age(from 2 to 3 years)

Respect for the work of adults

Encourage children's interest in adult activities. Pay attention to what and how an adult does (how he takes care of plants (waters) and animals (feeds); how a janitor sweeps the yard, removes snow; how a carpenter repairs a gazebo, etc., why he performs certain actions. Learn to recognize and name some labor actions (the teacher's assistant washes the dishes, brings food, changes towels)

Junior group (from 3 to 4 years old)

Socially useful work

To form a desire to participate in feasible work, the ability to overcome small difficulties. Encourage children to be independent, perform elementary tasks: prepare materials for classes (brushes, modeling boards, etc., after playing, put away toys and building materials. Teach them to keep order and cleanliness in the room and on the site kindergarten.

In the second half of the year, begin to develop in children the skills necessary for dining room duty (help set the table for dinner: lay out spoons, arrange bread bins (without bread, plates, cups, etc.)

labor in nature

Raise the desire to participate in the care of plants and animals in the corner of nature and on the site: with the help of an adult, feed fish, birds, water houseplants, plants in the beds, plant onions, collect vegetables, clear snow from paths, clear snow from benches.

Respect for the work of adults

To form a positive attitude towards the work of adults. Tell children about professions they understand (educator, assistant educator, music director, doctor, seller, cook, driver, builder, to expand and enrich ideas about labor actions, labor results.

Cultivate respect for people of familiar professions. To encourage them to help adults, to cultivate a caring attitude towards the results of their work.

Middle group (from 4 to 5 years old)

Socially useful work

To educate in children a positive attitude towards work, a desire to work. To form a responsible attitude to the assigned task (the ability and desire to bring the matter to the end, the desire to do it well).

To cultivate the ability to carry out individual and collective assignments, to understand the significance of the results of one's work for others. To form the ability to negotiate with the help of a teacher about the distribution teamwork take care of the timely completion of the joint task. Encourage initiative in helping comrades, adults.

Socially useful work

Teach children to independently maintain order in the group room and on the site of the kindergarten: put building material, toys in place; help the teacher glue books, boxes.

To teach children to independently perform the duties of dining room attendants: carefully arrange bread bins, cups and saucers, deep plates, put napkin holders, lay out cutlery (spoons, forks, knives).

labor in nature

Encourage children to take care of plants and animals; water the plants, feed the fish, wash the drinkers, pour water into them, put food in the feeders (with the participation of the educator).

In the spring, summer and autumn periods, involve children in feasible work in the garden and in the flower garden (sowing seeds, watering, harvesting); in winter period- to clear the snow.

Involve children in the work of growing greens for bird feed in winter time; to feed wintering birds.

To form a desire to help the educator put in order the equipment used in work (clean, dry, take it to the designated place).

Respect for the work of adults

Introduce children to the professions of loved ones, emphasizing the importance of their work. To form an interest in the professions of parents. Senior group(from 5 to 6 years old)

Senior group (from 5 to 6 years old)

Socially useful work

To educate children in a positive attitude towards work, the desire to fulfill feasible labor assignments. Explain to children the importance of their work.

Raise the desire to participate in joint work activities. Develop the necessary skills and abilities different types labor. To cultivate independence and responsibility, the ability to bring the work started to the end. Develop creativity and initiative in doing various kinds labor.

Introduce children to the most economical methods of work. To cultivate a culture of work activity, respect for materials and tools.

Learn to evaluate the result of your work (with the help of an adult).

Cultivate friendly relationships between children; the habit of playing, working, doing things together. Develop a desire to help each other.

To form prerequisites (elements) in children learning activities. Continue to develop attention, the ability to understand the task (what needs to be done, ways to achieve it (how to do it); cultivate perseverance; teach perseverance, determination in achieving the final result.

Continue to teach children to help adults maintain order in the group: wipe toys, building materials, etc.

To form the ability to restore order in the kindergarten area (sweep and clean the paths from debris, in winter - from snow, pour sand in the sandbox, etc.).

Teach conscientiously fulfill the duties of dining room attendants: set the table, put it in order after eating.

labor in nature

Encourage the desire to carry out various tasks related to the care of animals and plants in a corner of nature; duties of a duty officer in a corner of nature (watering indoor plants, loosening the soil, etc.).

To involve children in helping adults and feasible work in nature: in the fall - to harvest vegetables in the garden, collect seeds, transplant flowering plants from the ground into a corner of nature; in winter - to shovel snow to tree trunks and shrubs, to grow green food for birds and animals (inhabitants of a corner of nature, plant root crops, to create figures and buildings from snow; in spring - to sow seeds of vegetables, flowers, planting seedlings; in summer - to loosen soil, watering beds and flower beds.

Respect for the work of adults

To expand children's ideas about the work of adults, the results of work, its social significance. To form a careful attitude to what is made by human hands. To instill in children a sense of gratitude for people for their work.

Preparatory group (from 6 to 7 years old)

Socially useful work

To continue to form labor skills and abilities, to cultivate industriousness. Teach children to diligently, carefully follow instructions, save materials and objects, put them away after work.

To cultivate the desire to participate in joint work activities on an equal basis with everyone, the desire to be useful to others, to enjoy the results collective labor. To develop the ability to independently unite for joint play and work, to help each other.

Strengthen the ability to plan work activities, select necessary materials, to make simple preparations.

Continue to teach children to maintain order in the group and on the site: wipe and wash toys, building materials, repair books and toys together with the teacher (including books and toys of pupils junior groups kindergarten).

Continue to teach yourself how to clean up the kindergarten area on your own: sweep and clean the paths from debris, in winter - from snow, pour sand in the sandbox; decorate the site for the holidays.

Teach children to conscientiously fulfill the duties of dining room attendants: fully set tables and wipe them after eating, sweep the floor. To instill an interest in learning activities and a desire to study at school.

To form the skills of educational activities (the ability to listen carefully to the teacher, act according to the plan proposed by him, as well as independently plan his actions, complete the task, correctly evaluate the results of his activities).

labor in nature

To consolidate the ability to independently and responsibly perform the duties of a duty officer in a corner of nature: water indoor plants, loosen the soil, wash feeders, prepare food for fish, birds, guinea pigs etc.

To instill in children an interest in working in nature, to involve them in all possible participation: in the fall - to harvest vegetables from the garden, collect seeds, dig up bulbs, flower tubers, dig up beds, transplant flowering plants from the ground into a corner of nature; in winter - to shovel snow to tree trunks and shrubs, grow green food for birds and animals (inhabitants of a corner of nature, plant root crops, grow flowers with the help of a flower educator for the holidays; in spring - to dig up the earth in the garden and in the flower garden, to sow seeds (vegetables , flowers, planting seedlings; in summer - to participate in loosening the soil, weeding and hilling, watering beds and flower beds.

Respect for the work of adults

To expand ideas about the work of adults, about the significance of their work for society. Cultivate respect for working people. Continue to acquaint children with professions related to the specifics of their native village.

To develop interest in various professions, in particular in the professions of parents and their place of work.

Registration sheet

Full name of the teacher	date of receiving	return	teacher

State budgetary preschool educational institution

combined type No. 93

Krasnogvardeisky district of the city of St. Petersburg.

Teacher Smolova Lyubov Andreevna.

How to teach a child to work.

Our kids today are future workers. It is necessary to prepare for this activity from childhood.

One of the central tasks of the kindergarten and the family is to educate children in diligence, the right attitude to work.

Labor allows children to develop concentration (the ability to work at a fast pace and without being distracted), organization (to outline a sequence, choose economical methods, complete work for a certain period, the ability to get involved in work on their own initiative, without waiting for a reminder), the ability to exercise self-esteem and self-control , clarity, responsibility, ability to bring the matter to the end.

How to organize the work of children in the family and how to manage it so that it contributes to the education of perseverance and responsibility?

Children show interest in work and desire to work as soon as they start walking and talking. They claim "I myself."

Toddlers have a need to do everything themselves as close adults do. They also wash my dishes like mom, wipe the dust, set the table, use a hammer like dad. Their work at this age is a game.

Many parents say that when their son or daughter were babies, they grabbed everything, but now you can’t force them to go to the store. This means that "a sensitive moment was missed." Therefore, it is necessary to provide an opportunity to satisfy the arisen need “I myself”.

In order for a matured child not to become inactive, lazy in the future, it is necessary to cultivate volitional qualities: independence, perseverance, responsibility, accuracy, initiative, diligence, discipline, and the ability to be expediently active.

These qualities are created by constant exercise, by performing ordinary everyday and feasible tasks. To do this, it is necessary to determine what household duties the child will perform. Duty must be introduced constantly so as not to disappoint and not cause a negative attitude towards the assignment.

It is impossible to force a child to work by command methods. It is necessary to take into account his mood, passion for his work. If in this moment the child draws or designs, it is necessary to postpone labor assignments. After some time, offer to help fulfill them, pointing out their significance.

It is necessary to start with the development of self-service skills: take off and put on clothes, shoes, fold things, put away toys, lay out spoons, put napkins, then clean up from the table, help wash dishes, hold something, wipe dust, water indoor plants, etc. n. Children should be involved in the work in the garden: They can participate in the preparation and planting of seedlings, seed germination, care, harvesting. They can take care of younger sister or brother. So that the work does not turn out to be difficult, and the poor quality of performance does not disappoint the child, it is necessary to work with him, teaching him rational methods. After that, you can select a part of the overall work for independent implementation with periodic monitoring and assistance, if necessary. Referring to the result of the child's activity, the adult does not arbitrarily convey to him the main criteria for “success” or “not success” of the activity.

For example.

Well laid the table, well done mother praises.

But everyone does not need to put bread. Let's put it in a bread box, everyone will take as much as they should.

Mom collects bread, divided into three equal parts, and the son, daughter remembers an example of the right action. The result obtained by the preschooler in the activity is generally significant, understandable. As a result of such activity, the child masters three components of activity - motivational, executive and control. In the future, he is able to reproduce this action on his own.

Having given the task, it is necessary to jointly draw up an action plan and indicate the final result. After completion, analyze the work, emphasizing the qualities that the child showed, and also indicate how important the implementation of this assignment is for others.

Praise, evaluation of work, inspire the child, so do not forget to praise even if the work is not done very well. The quality of labor at the beginning is not assessed too strictly, but then gradually the demands increase, as does the help; suggestion of a sense of his need, usefulness, importance, his intra-family position.

A child can evaluate his work himself if adults ask him the necessary questions: “To whom and how did you help today? Did you put away your toys well?” Etc.

Some parents say: “My son, daughter perform work duties, only I have to endlessly remind, point out. But you also need to figure out what and how to do it yourself. I don’t want to remind, point out, give instructions every time. Lack of patience and skill.” And they are in a hurry to do what their son or daughter could do: they clean the bed of toys for them, put on shoes - it’s faster that way. And they make a big mistake. The child gets used to such guardianship and commands: “Bring it! Give it up! I do not want! I won't!"

Parents do not understand that in the process of labor the child acquires the necessary skills and abilities that he will need at school and later in life. Therefore, at preschool age, he must develop an attitude towards work as a vital need.

Labor will influence the child and teach him to work if:

Parents will make time for him.
They will create conditions for self-service and will systematically involve them in domestic work.
Give orders that are part of the daily affairs of the family, even if they are not always interested in them, but the need to fulfill them is mandatory and he must be responsible for them.
Do not give overwhelming orders, do not rush, do not push the child, let him finish the work himself.
To present uniform and constant requirements for labor, positively evaluating it.
Do not punish with labor, labor should please him, bring satisfaction.
Don't forget to thank you for your help.
Create a feeling of confidence in achieving the goal.
Explain the importance of work for the family.
Feel free to point out mistakes.
If the child is slow to complete assignments or makes a mistake, find out if this is the reason for the inability or ignorance of how to cope with the task.
It is necessary to patiently explain, show, help, allow him to gain confidence that he is capable of doing the assigned work well. But do not do for him what he can handle himself.
Learn to achieve the end result and alternate joint work and rest.

The usual image of a mother in popular culture is a woman muzzled with household chores, children screaming and climbing everywhere. How did our ancestors give birth to 10-20 children and manage the economy without modern gadgets? Everything is very simple. They knew, how to teach a child to work, it was in Russian culture. It is known that at the age of 10-12 the child was a full-fledged worker, a real helper.

Activity, not laziness - in human nature

The laziness of the younger generation has become a byword. They don't want to take out the trash, clean their room, do the dishes, take care of their pets. AT school years you can't force them to learn. And how teachers complain about children's laziness ...

Why are our kids so lazy? Are they from a different test than 100 years ago? The answer is simple. As psychologists say: after three it's too late.

Most often, laziness is caused wrong upbringing. At a time when the child is small, at 1.5-2 years old, he sincerely reaches out to help his parents in all matters. We drive him so as not to interfere. I don’t want to do double work, clean up after the child’s “help”. I want to do everything faster, better, cleaner, without loss of products, without damaging things.

This is a big mistake. Yes, his help at this age costs us more than our own efforts. But we must understand that this is necessary for the full development of the individual, for success in life.

Common mistake parents make do for the child what he is already able to do for himself. Starting small: get dressed / undress, take away dirty dishes, collect toys. Pour yourself some water and drink.

Already with the second child I try to adhere to such a strategy. Asks for a drink. I say: go, have a drink, your mug is on the table. He pisses things off - let him collect it, take it to the laundry.

I remember such a story. A boy about 7 years old wants to drink. He took a glass in one hand and a 5 liter bottle of water in the other. Tries to pour on weight. Nothing works. Asks for help. I tell him: put the glass on the table and pour it. And it all worked out! The man who was watching the situation laughed: that really helped.

4 things a parent should never do for their children.

Here you have to take care of yourself. I don’t want to waste time while the baby is clumsy, but he can handle it himself. We must endure.

All advice, of course, must be approached with understanding. It is necessary to understand when a child does not do something because he has not yet had time to think it over, to understand what is needed. Maybe he's phlegmatic feature of temperament.

Another variant - elementary fatigue. Children need enough time to play during the day. If the baby is overloaded with sections or household chores, he needs to rest.

Childhood dream - to tinker with dough

In the old days they knew how to educate. And we have to learn. So here are some tips:

The most important thing - personal example. If the house is a mess, the mother is untidy, sitting, buried in the phone, what to expect from the baby? Let him see that everything is taken from parental labor. And for order in the house and for a delicious dinner, you need to try.
Do not drive away from yourself accept help. If possible, do everything together. My floor - give a smaller cloth, let him yell. The same with dishes. When you cook, you can always give a task according to your strength. You can bring, rinse, peel onions or eggs as early as 1.5 - 2 years.

When the baby takes part in cooking, that is, this dish will then be with a much greater appetite. Relevant for parents of toddlers. More tips.

To praise. We cleaned up together, to say how beautiful, clean, how pleasant it is in a cleaned room. The kid will cook something - try it and say how delicious it is.

Once I had to read an example about such a very wise grandmother. The girl fried several cutlets herself (side-by-side with her grandmother, of course). A few black shapeless lumps. Grandmother, without flinching, ate everything and praised. The child beamed with pride. I am sure that with such an upbringing, the girl will grow up to be a real mistress.

But as a child, I was almost not called to cook. I still don't like it. My poor husband.

Do you want your daughter to enjoy cooking? Make her great

Consider real opportunities child. At 4 years old, it is still unrealistic to weed a bed of carrots alone (and with mom - easily!) Or peel potatoes. If the task is too hard physically, too difficult, the child will avoid such work so as not to face failure. Psychologists call this “failure avoidance motivation.” This can ruin a person's life.

If you see that the child is prone to avoiding failure, offer to do such things together. Emphasize what you only help him to clean up toys, but he cleans himself.

What can a child

I know for sure that all children love to wash dishes. The main thing is not to scare

At 1.5-2 years:

collect toys;
bring, carry, give;
remove your plate from the table;
help set the table for dinner;
play with a newborn baby for a few minutes;
participate in the care of a pet;
wipe off the table
rinse, wipe, carry washed dishes;
wipe the dust;
carry and lay out purchases;
plant large seeds
water.

A good task for this age is to sort out a handful of 2 types of cereals. Develops fine motor skills, perseverance, promotes the development of speech.

How to teach a child to work - do not interfere!

At 3-4 years:

Added to the above

wash the floor;
wash the dishes;
make up or wipe shoes;
knead, roll out the dough;
get dressed, undress, brush your teeth;
take care of a pet;
cook simple meals.

My eldest daughter, even before the age of 5, mastered several dishes. Sweet tea with milk. Sandwich with butter (sliced bread). And the pinnacle of culinary art is an omelet with sausages.

Together with your child, you can dye eggs for Easter with natural dyes.

Omelet with sausages - quite within the power of 4-5 years

clean your room;
fold clothes in place;
make a bed, make a bed
wash small things;
sew on buttons;
look after the baby.

Culinary achievement of my child: peel, cut and salt cucumbers. Peel and grate carrots.

A child can even eat zucchini stew if he cooked it himself

walk the dog (if the size and upbringing of the animal allows);
cook porridge or something else simple;
help with landings at summer cottages;
taking out the trash;
go shopping;
wash the window, mirror (not up to par);
vacuuming.

It will be easier to teach a child to clean up if you offer him an algorithm. You can write a list or draw a diagram, hang it on the wall. And as a basis, take a few tips from.

Of course, in many cases, especially at first, control, help from the mother is required. Something will not be done perfectly. It is dangerous to criticize such things. It is better to praise for something that actually succeeded.

From an early age, care should be taken to ensure that the child has feasible, but constant household chores. Just can't be punished with work. This is not only a duty, but also a right that must also be earned.

You don't have to pay to do your homework. The child will get used to counting everything for money, it will be difficult for him to learn to enjoy work. But to praise for a real achievement is always useful.